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This brilliantly colored, richly decorated circular panel presents a splendid vision of the arrival of the Magi, accompanied by a courtly entourage. A 1492 inventory of Lorenzo de' Medici's estate possibly identifies this picture as the most valuable in the collection of the powerful Florentine family, and attributes it to Fra Angelico. The Adoration of the Magi actually appears to be the product of two artists; Fra Angelico may only have started the altarpiece, the greatest part of the work having been taken up by Fra Filippo Lippi.

Fra Angelico was a Dominican known for his great monastic devotion; his saintly deportment is mirrored in the quiet piety of his paintings. The representation of the Virgin Mary here characterizes his style in the pure, simple form of her head and the gentle refinement of her features. Fra Filippo's earthy style appeals to the viewer in the portrayal of massive forms and well–articulated figures. In the Adoration, the richly attired wise men and their attendants, as well as the broad–faced Joseph beside the Virgin, are usually attributed to him.

While several elements of the painting can be seen as symbolic—for example, the peacock was considered a symbol of immortality—the Adoration can also simply be appreciated for its sparkling color, delightful details, and festive gaiety.

Object Data

Medium

tempera on poplar panel

Dimensions

overall (diameter): 137.3 cm (54 1/16 in.)

framed: 188 x 171.5 x 12.7 cm (74 x 67 1/2 x 5 in.)

Accession Number

1952.2.2

Artists / Makers

Fra Angelico (painter) Florentine, c. 1395 - 1455

Fra Filippo Lippi (painter) Florentine, c. 1406 - 1469

Image Use

This image is in the public domain.
Read our full Open Access policy for images .

Detail Information

Provenance

Probably commissioned by a member of the Medici family, Florence; by inheritance to Lorenzo de' Medici [1449-1492], Florence.[1] probably Marchese Piero Guicciardini [1569-1626]; his widow, Marchesa Simona Machiavelli [1584-1658], Florence;[2] by inheritance to her great-nephew, Count Francesco Guicciardini [1618-1677], Florence; by inheritance to his son, Count Lorenzo Guicciardini [1652-1710], Florence; by inheritance to his son, Count Francesco Gaetano Guicciardini [1699-1780], Florence; by inheritance to his son, Count Lorenzo Guicciardini [1743-1812], Florence; by inheritance to his sons, Count Francesco [1776-1838] and Colonel Ferdinando [1782-1833] Guicciardini, Florence, in 1803;[3] sold July 1810 to Chevalier François-Honoré Dubois, Florence and Paris, as by Botticelli.[4] (Samuel Woodburn, London), by 1826, as by Fra Angelico.[5] William Coningham [1815-1884], London; (his sale, Christie & Manson, London, 9 June 1849, no. 34, as by Filippo Lippi).[6] Alexander Barker [c. 1797-1873], London, by 1851;[7] (his sale, Christie, Manson & Woods, London, 6 June 1874, no. 42, as by Filippino Lippi);[8] purchased by (Giovanni Calvetti [d. 1875], London) for Sir Francis Cook, 1st bt. [1817-1901], Doughty House, Richmond, Surrey; by inheritance to his son, Sir Frederick Lucas Cook, 2nd bt. [1844-1920], Doughty House; by inheritance to his son, Sir Herbert Frederick Cook, 3rd bt. [1868-1939], Doughty House; by inheritance to his son, Sir Francis Ferdinand Maurice Cook, 4th bt. [1907-1978], Doughty House, and Cothay Manor, Somerset; sold February 1947 through (Francis A. Drey, London) to the Samuel H. Kress Foundation, New York, as by Filippo Lippi;[9] gift 1952 to NGA.

Exhibition History

1868
Possibly National Exhibition of Works of Art, Leeds, 1868, no. 7 or no. 17.
1875
Exhibition of Works by the Old Masters. Winter Exhibition, Royal Academy of Arts, London, 1875, no. 184, as The Adoration of the Infant Savior by Fra Filippo Lippi.
1909
National Loan Exhibition, Grafton Galleries, London, 1909-1910, no. 68, repro., as by Fra Filippo Lippi.
1919
Exhibition of Florentine Painting Before 1500, Burlington Fine Arts Club, London, 1919, no. 26 as by Fra Filippo Lippi (no. 26 and pl. XXVI in illustrated catalogue published 1920).
1930
Exhibition of Italian Art 1200-1900, Royal Academy of Arts, London, 1930, no. 93, as by Fra Filippo Lippi (no. 106 and pl. XXXVIII in commemorative catalogue published 1931; no. 35 in souvenir catalogue).
1944
Masterpieces from the Cook Collection, Toledo Museum of Art, Ohio, 1944-1945, no. 16 (Cook collection catalogue number), repro., as by Filippo Lippi.
1945
Masterpieces of the Cook Collection, Art Gallery of Toronto (now Art Gallery of Ontario); National Gallery of Canada, Ottawa, 1945, no cat.

Bibliography

1854
Waagen, Gustav Friedrich. Treasures of Art in Great Britain: Being an Account of the Chief Collections of Paintings, Drawings, Sculptures, Illuminated Mss.. 3 vols. London, 1854: 2:125, as by Benozzo Gozzoli.
1864
Crowe, Joseph Archer, and Giovan Battista Cavalcaselle. A New History of Painting in Italy from the Second to the Sixteenth Century. 3 vols. London, 1864-1866: 2(1864):350, as by Filippo Lippi.
1869
Crowe, Joseph Archer, and Giovanni Battista Cavalcaselle. Geschichte der italienischen Malerei. 6 vols. Leipzig, 1869-1876: 3(1869):83, as by Filippo Lippi.
1883
Richter, J. P. Italian Art in the National Gallery. London, 1883: 19, as by Filippo Lippi.
1890
Morelli, Giovanni. Kunstkritische Studien über Italienische Malerei. 3 vols. Leipzig, 1890-1893: 1(1890):101 n. 1, as by Filippo Lippi.
1896
Berenson, Bernard. The Florentine Painters of the Renaissance: with an index to their works. New York, 1896: 118, as by Filippo Lippi.
1900
Berenson, Bernard. The Florentine Painters of the Renaissance. 2nd ed. New York and London, 1900: 123, as by Filippo Lippi.
1900
Douglas, Langton. Fra Angelico. London, 1900: 178-179, as by Filippo Lippi.
1901
Hamilton, Neena. Die Darstellung der Anbetung der heiligen drei Könige in der toskanischen Malerei von Giotto bis Leonardo. Strasbourg, 1901: 40-42, as by Filippo Lippi.
1901
Strutt, Edward. Fra Filippo Lippi. London, 1901: 61-62, 194, as by Filippo Lippi.
1901
Venturi, Adolfo. Storia dell’arte italiana. 11 vols. Milan, 1901-1940: 7, part 1 (1911):361-364, as by Filippo Lippi.
1901
Weisbach, Werner. Francesco Pesellino und die Romantik der Frührenaissance. Berlin, 1901: 27, as by Filippo Lippi.
1903
Cook, Francis. Abridged Catalogue of the Pictures at Doughty House, Richmond. London, 1903: 12, no. 11, as by Filippo Lippi.
1903
Crowe, Joseph Archer, and Giovan Battista Cavalcaselle. A History of Painting in Italy from the Second to the Sixteenth Century. 6 vols. Edited by Robert Langton Douglas (vols. 1-4) and Tancred Borenius (vols. 5-6). Vol. 3, The Sienese, Umbrian, and North Italian Schools. London, 1903-1914: 4(1911):175 n. 5, as by Filippo Lippi.
1904
The Arundel Club for the Publication of Reproductions of Works of Art in Private Collections and Elsewhere. London, 1904: 1:no. 9, repro., as by Filippo Lippi.
1905
Cook, Herbert. “La collection de Sir Frederick Cook, Visconde de Monserrate.” Les Arts no. 44 (August 1905): 4, as by Filippo Lippi.
1908
Crowe, Joseph Archer, and Giovanni Battista Cavalcaselle. A New History of Painting in Italy, from the II to the XVI Century. 3rd edition. 3 vols. Ed. Edward Hutton. London, 1908-1909: 2(1909):345 n. 1, as by Filippo Lippi.
1908
Horne, Herbert P. Alessandro Filipepi, Commonly Called Sandro Botticelli. London, 1908: 37, as by Filippo Lippi.
1909
Berenson, Bernard. The Florentine Painters of the Renaissance. 3rd ed. London, 1909: 151, as by Filippo Lippi.
1909
Mendelsohn, Henriette. Fra Filippo Lippi. Berlin, 1909: 39-52, 254, repro., as by Filippo Lippi.
1910
Ffoulkes, Constance J. “Esposizione di antichi maestri a Londra.” L’Arte 13, no. 6 (July-August 1910): 299, 301, fig. 2, as by Filippo Lippi.
1910
Fry, Roger. "La mostra di antichi dipinti alle 'Grafton Galleries' di Londra." Rassenga d'Arte 10, no. 3 (March 1910): 35, fig. 1, as by Filippo Lippi.
1913
Borenius, Tancred. A Catalogue of the Paintings at Doughty House, Richmond, and Elsewhere in the Collection of Sir Frederick Cook Bt. Italian Schools. Vol. I, Pt. 2. Edited by Herbert Cook. London, 1913: vi, 21-22, no. 16, repro., as by Filippo Lippi.
1914
Frizzoni, Gustavo. “Rivelazioni della Galleria Cook a Richmond.” Rassegna d’Arte 1 (1914): 122, repro., as by Filippo Lippi.
1917
Brockwell, Maurice W. “The Cook Collection. Part I. The Italian Schools.” Connoisseur 86 (March 1917): 124-126, repro., as by Filippo Lippi.
1919
Phillips, Claude. “Florentine Art before 1500.” The Burlington Magazine for Connoisseurs 34 (1919): 21, 214, as by Filippo Lippi.
1923
Marle, Raimond van. The Development of the Italian Schools of Painting. 19 vols. The Hague, 1923-1938: 10(1928):402, fig. 244, as by Filippo Lippi.
1925
Yashiro, Yukio. Sandro Botticelli. 3 vols. London and Boston, 1925: 1:75, as by Filippo Lippi.
1929
Toesca, Pietro. “Filippo Lippi.” In Enciclopedia italiana di scienze, lettere ed arti. Edited by Istituto Giovanni Treccani. 36 vols. Milan, 1929-1939: 21(1934):238, as by Filippo Lippi and Benozzo Gozzoli.
1930
Borenius, Tancred. “Pictures from British Collections at the Italian Exhibition.” Apollo 11, no. 62 (1930): 97-98, as by Filippo Lippi.
1930
Constable, W. G. “Dipinti di raccolta inglesi alla mostra d’arte italiana a Londra.” Dedalo 10, no. 13 (May 1930): 727, as by Filippo Lippi.
1930
Suida, Wilhelm. “Die Austellung italienischer Kunst in London.” Belvedere 9 (1930): 37, as by Filippo Lippi.
1932
Berenson, Bernard. “Fra Angelico, Fra Filippo e la cronologia.” Bollettino d’Arte 26, no. 2 (August 1932): 1-22, 49-66, fig. 2.
1932
Berenson, Bernard. Italian Pictures of the Renaissance. Oxford, 1932: 288, as by Filippo Lippi.
1932
Mengin, Urbain. Les deux Lippi. Paris, 1932: 109, 115, 237, as by Filippo Lippi.
1933
Venturi, Lionello. “Lo sviluppo artistico di Filippo Lippi.” L’Arte n.s. 36 (January 1933): 39-45, as by Filippo Lippi.
1934
Pudelko, Georg. “Studien über Domenico Veneziano.” Mitteilungen des Kunsthistorischen Institutes in Florenz 4 (January 1934): 166-167, 168, 171-172, 174, as by Filippo Lippi.
1934
Salmi, Mario. “Paolo Uccello, Domenico Veneziano, Piero della Francesca, e gli affreschi del Duomo di Prato.” Bollettino d’Arte 28 (1934): 27 n. 6.
1935
Ragghianti, Carlo L. “Antonio Pollaiolo e l’arte fiorentina del Quattrocento." Part 2: Critica d'Arte 1, no. 2 (December 1935): 75, 80. Part 3: Critica d'Arte 1, no. 3 (February 1936): 115 n. 2.
1936
Berenson, Bernard. Pitture italiane del rinascimento. Milan, 1936: 20, 248.
1936
Fiocco, Giuseppe. “Filippo Lippi a Padova.” Rassegna d’Arte 18 (1936): 29.
1936
Hauptmann, Moritz. Der Tondo: Ursprung, Bedeutung und Geschichte des italienischen Rundbildes in Relief und Malerei. Frankfurt, 1936: 180.
1936
Pudelko, Georg. “Per la datazione delle opere di Fra Filippo Lippi.” Rivista d’arte 18 (1936): 35, 68-76, as by Filippo Lippi.
1936
Salmi, Mario. “La giovinezza di Fra Filippo Lippi.” Rassegna d’Arte 18 (1936): 1-2, as by Filippo Lippi.
1938
Mesnil, Jacques. Botticelli. Paris, 1938: 10, 37-38, 196 n. 31, as by Filippo Lippi.
1941
Pittaluga, Mary. “Note sulla bottega di Filippo Lippi – Parte 2.” L’Arte 11, no. 2 (1941): 67-73.
1942
Oertel, Robert. Fra Filippo Lippi. Vienna, 1942: 28-30, 70, pl. 72, as by Filippo Lippi.
1949
Pittaluga, Mary. Fra Filippo Lippi. Florence, 1949: 75, 76-79, 200, 211-213, figs. 56, 57, as by Filippo Lippi possibly with Pesellino.
1949
Ragghianti, Carlo L. “La Collezione S. H. Kress nella National Gallery of Art.” Critica d’Arte 8, no. 1 (May 1949): 81.
1951
Comstock, Helen. “Additions to the Kress Collection.” Connoisseur 127 (September 1951): 66, repro.
1951
Davies, Martin. National Gallery Catalogues. The Earlier Italian Schools. London, 1951: 78 n. 6.
1951
Einstein, Lewis. Looking at Italian Pictures in the National Gallery of Art. Washington, 1951: 32-33, repro.
1951
Paintings and Sculpture from the Kress Collection Acquired by the Samuel H. Kress Foundation 1945-1951. Introduction by John Walker, text by William E. Suida. National Gallery of Art, Washington, 1951: 42, no. 9, repro.
1952
Frankfurter, Alfred M. "Interpreting Masterpieces: Twenty-four Paintings from the Kress Collection." Art News Annual 16 (1952): 84, repro.
1952
Pope-Hennessy, John. Fra Angelico. London, 1952: 204, 206, as "substantially" by Filippo Lippi.
1956
Volpe, Carlo. “In margine a un Filippo Lippi.” Paragone 83, no. 7 (November 1956): 43, 45 n. 4.
1956
Walker, John. National Gallery of Art, Washington. New York, 1956: cover and 60, repro.
1957
Shapley, Fern Rusk. Comparisons in Art: A Companion to the National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC. London, 1957 (reprinted 1959): pl. 9, 106.
1958
Salmi, Mario. Il Beato Angelico. Spoleto, 1958: 68, 89, 94, 127, fig. 120b, as by Filippo Lippi.
1959
Paintings and Sculpture from the Samuel H. Kress Collection. National Gallery of Art, Washington, 1959: 50, repro.
1959
Shapley, Fern Rusk. Early Italian Painting in the National Gallery of Art. Washington, D.C., 1959 (Booklet Number Three in Ten Schools of Painting in the National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.): 26, color repro.
1960
The National Gallery of Art and Its Collections. Foreword by Perry B. Cott and notes by Otto Stelzer. National Gallery of Art, Washington (undated, 1960s): 6.
1961
Davies, Martin. National Gallery Catalogues. The Earlier Italian Schools. London, 1961: 102 n. 6.
1961
Eisler, Colin. “The Athlete of Virtue, the Iconography of Asceticism.” In Millard Meiss, ed. Essays in Honor of Erwin Panofsky. De Artibus Opuscula 40. New York, 1961: 87-88.
1961
Walker, John, Guy Emerson, and Charles Seymour. Art Treasures for America: An Anthology of Paintings & Sculpture in the Samuel H. Kress Collection. London, 1961: 25-28, repro. pl. 19, color repro. 20-21.
1962
Cairns, Huntington, and John Walker, eds. Treasures from the National Gallery of Art. New York, 1962: 12, color repro.
1962
Salvini, Roberto. “Note sul Botticelli.” In Valentino Martinelli and Filippa M. Aliberti, eds. Scritti di Storia dell’arte in onore di Mario Salmi. 3 vols. Rome, 1961-1963: 2(1962):299, 304.
1963
Berenson, Bernard. Italian Pictures of the Renaissance. Florentine School. 2 vols. London, 1963: 1:16.
1963
Walker, John. National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C. New York, 1963 (reprinted 1964 in French, German, and Spanish): 76, repro.
1965
Summary Catalogue of European Paintings and Sculpture. National Gallery of Art, Washington, 1965: 8.
1966
Cairns, Huntington, and John Walker, eds. A Pageant of Painting from the National Gallery of Art. 2 vols. New York, 1966: 1:24, color repro.
1966
Shapley, Fern Rusk. Paintings from the Samuel H. Kress Collection: Italian Schools, XIII-XV Century. London, 1966: 95-97, fig. 259-261.
1968
Conti, Alessandro. “Quadri alluvionati 1333, 1557, 1966. I.” Paragone 19, no. 215 (January 1968): 21 n. 51.
1968
Degenhart, Bernhard, and Annegrit Schmitt. Corpus der italienischen Zeichnungen 1300-1450, 1: Süd- und Mittelitalien. 4 vols. Berlin, 1968: 2, pt. 1:532.
1968
Gandolfo, Giampaolo et al. National Gallery of Art, Washington. Great Museums of the World. New York, 1968: 11, 23-24, color repro.
1968
Hendy, Philip. Piero della Francesca and the Early Renaissance. London and New York, 1968: 43-44.
1968
National Gallery of Art. European Paintings and Sculpture, Illustrations. Washington, 1968: 2, repro.
1968
Shell, Curtis. “Domenico Veneziano. Two Clues.” In Festschrift Ulrich Middeldorf. 2 vols. Berlin, 1968: 1:154.
1970
Berenson, Bernard. "Fra Angelico, Fra Filippo and theri Chronology." In Bernard Berenson. Homeless Paintings of the Renaissance. Ed. Hanna Kiel. London and Bloomington, IN, 1970: 199-214, 220, 226-230, figs. 362-368, 370, 372. [Reprint of "Fra Angelico, Fra Filippo e la cronologia," 1936].
1970
Berenson, Bernard. “Postscript, 1949: The Cook Tondo Revisited.” In Bernard Berenson. Homeless Paintings of the Renaissance. Ed. Hanna Kiel. London and Bloomington, IN, 1970: 235-242, figs. 416-418, as by Filippo Lippi.
1972
Fredericksen, Burton B., and Federico Zeri. Census of Pre-Nineteenth Century Italian Paintings in North American Public Collections. Cambridge, MA, 1972: 9, 107, 647.
1973
Shapley, Fern Rusk. Paintings from the Samuel H. Kress Collection: Italian Schools, XVI-XVIII Century. London, 1973: 385.
1974
Pope-Hennessy, John. Fra Angelico. 2nd ed. London and New York, 1974: 38, 219, pl. 142, fig. 46.
1974
Walker, John. Self-Portrait with Donors: Confessions of an Art Collector. Boston, 1974: 147-149, repro.
1975
Borsook, Eve. “Fra Filippo and the Murals for Prato Cathedral.” Mitteilungen des Kunsthistorischen Institutes in Florenz 19 (1975): 8.
1975
European Paintings: An Illustrated Summary Catalogue. National Gallery of Art, Washington, 1975: 12, repro.
1975
Marchini, Giuseppe. Filippo Lippi. Milan, 1975: 15, 17, 25, 26, 27, 98, 205-206, cat. 27, figs. 47-49.
1975
Ruda, Jeffrey. "The National Gallery Tondo of the Adoration of the Magi and the Early Style of Filippo Lippi." Studies in the History of Art vol. 7 (1975):6-39, figs. 1-3, 10-13, 18, 23, 24, 28, as by Filippo Lippi with an assistant or follower of Fra Angelico.
1976
Boskovits, Miklós. "Appunti sull' Angelico." Paragone 27, no. 313 (1976): 45-46.
1976
Cardile, Paul Julius. “Fra Angelico and his workshop at San Domenico (1420-1435): The Development of his Style and the Formation of his Workshop.” Ph.D. diss., Yale University, 1976: 357-358, cat. xix.
1976
Hatfield, Rab. Botticelli’s Uffizi “Adoration”: A study in pictorial content. Princeton, 1976: 62-63, 106-107.
1976
Robertson, Giles. “Review of John Pope-Hennessy, Fra Angelico (1974).” The Burlington Magazine 118 (August 1976): 604.
1977
Levi d'Ancona, Mirella. The Garden of the Renaissance: Botanical Symbolism in Italian Painting. Florence, 1977: 99-100.
1978
King, Marian. Adventures in Art: National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C. New York, 1978: 20, pl. 2.
1978
Lightbown, Ronald. Botticelli: Life and Work. 2 vols. Berkeley, CA, 1978: 1:21, 34; 2:25-26.
1979
Shapley, Fern Rusk. Catalogue of the Italian Paintings. 2 vols. National Gallery of Art, Washington, 1979: 1:10-13; 2:pl. 7, 7B,C,D.
1979
Watson, Ross. The National Gallery of Art, Washington. New York, 1979: 19, pl. 3.
1980
Ragghianti, Carlo L. “Galleria di Washington.” Critica d’Arte 45, nos. 154-156 (1980): 217, fig. 16.
1980
Wohl, Hellmut. The Paintings of Domenico Veneziano. Oxford, 1980: 217, 218, repro.
1981
Ames-Lewis, Francis. “Drapery "Pattern"-Drawings in Ghirlandaio's Workshop and Ghirlandaio's Early Apprenticeship.” The Art Bulletin 63, no. 1 (March 1981): 56 n. 26.
1981
Beck, James H. Italian Renaissance Painting. New York, 1981: 120.
1981
Rowlands, Eliot W. “Review of Fern Rusk Shapley. Catalogue of the Italian Paintings 1979.” Apollo 144, no. 237 (November 1981): 353.
1982
Alsop, Joseph. The Rare Art Traditions: The History of Art Collecting and Its Linked Phenomena Wherever These Have Appeared. Bollingen series 35, no. 27. New York, 1982: 397, 403, fig. 81.
1982
Brigstocke, Hugh. "Lord Lindsay as a Collector." Bulletin of the John Rylands University Library of Manchester 64, no. 2 (1982): 302.
1982
Fusco, Laurie. “An Unpublished Madonna and Child by Fra Filippo Lippi.” J. Paul Getty Museum Journal 10 (1982): 5 n. 9.
1982
Ruda, Jeffery. Filippo Lippi Studies: Naturalism, Style, and Iconography in Early Renaissance Art. New York, 1982: 42-77, as by Filippo Lippi with an assistant or follower of Fra Angelico.
1984
Alce, Venturino. “Cataloghi e indici delle opere del Beato Angelico.” In Beato Angelico. Miscellanea di Studi. Rome, 1984: 358.
1984
Walker, John. National Gallery of Art, Washington. Rev. ed. New York, 1984: 84, no. 40, color repro.
1985
European Paintings: An Illustrated Catalogue. National Gallery of Art, Washington, 1985: 19, repro.
1985
Ford, Brinsley. "Pictures lost to the Nation." NACF Magazine 29 (Christmas 1985): 19, repro. 18.
1985
Wolk, Linda. "The Pala Baciadonne by Perino del Vaga." Studies in the History of Art 18 (1985): 41, fig. 15.
1986
Angelini, Alessandro, and Luciano Bellosi, eds. Disegni italiani del tempo di Donatello. Exh. cat. Gabinetto Disegni e Stampe degli Uffizi, Florence 1986: 19, 22.
1986
Baldini, Umberto. Beato Angelico. Florence, 1986: 273.
1986
Bellosi, Luciano, and Alessandro Angelini, eds. Sassetta e i pittori toscani tra XIII e XV secolo. Exh. cat. Palazzo Chigi-Saracini, Siena, 1986: 37.
1986
Frulli, Cristina. “Filippo Lippi.” In Federico Zeri, ed. La pittura in Italia. Il Quattrocento. 2 vols. Milan, 1986: 2:666.
1986
Mark, Peter. "Luca della Robbia and Filippo Lippi: Some Stylistic and Chronological Connections." Source: Notes in the History of Art 5, no. 4 (1986): 10-11, fig. 3, as by Filippo Lippi (and Fra Angelico?).
1986
Tozzini Cellai, Valeria. L’arte del Rinascimento: Filippo Lippi. Prato, 1986: 169, no. 42, as by Fra Filippo Lippi and Assistants.
1987
Cecchi, Alessandro. “Les cadres ronds de la Renaissance florentine.” Revue de l’Art 76 (1987): 21.
1989
Fossi, Gloria. Filippo Lippi. Florence, 1989: 6, 64-68, figs. 45, 46.
1989
Lightbown, Ronald. Botticelli: Life and Work. Milan, 1989: 24, 31, 47.
1990
Bellosi, Luciano. “Giovanni di Francesco e l’arte fiorentina di metà Quattrocento.” In Luciano Bellosi, ed. Pittura di luce. Giovanni di Francesco e l’arte fiorentina di metà Quatrocento. Exh. cat. Casa Buonarroti, Florence,1990: 44-45, as by Benozzo Gozzoli and Filippo Lippi.
1990
Caneva, Caterina. Botticelli: catalogo completo dei dipinti. Florence, 1990: 48.
1991
Cardini, Franco. I Magi di Benozzo a Palazzo Medici. Florence, 1991: 86.
1991
Haskell, Francis. “William Coningham and His Collection of Old Masters.” The Burlington Magazine 133, no. 1063 (1991): 681.
1991
Kopper, Philip. America's National Gallery of Art: A Gift to the Nation. New York, 1991: 6, 189, color repros.
1991
Morandotti, Alessandro. "La fortuna collezionistica della pittura gotica e rinascimentale fra Ottocento e Novecento." In Mauro Natale, ed. Pittura italiana dal '300 al '500. Milan, 1991: 43, fig. 16.
1992
De Marchi, Andrea. Gentile da Fabriano: Un viaggio nella pittura italiana alla fine del gotico. Milan, 1992: 189 n. 76.
1992
Duwe, Gert. Die Anbetung der hl. Drei Könige in der italienischen Kunst des Trecento und Quattrocento. Frankfurt, 1992: 149-155.
1992
Lloyd, Christopher. Fra Angelico. London, 1992: 23, 122-123.
1992
National Gallery of Art, Washington. National Gallery of Art, Washington, 1992: 15, repro.
1992
Pacini, Piero. Review of the exhibition Les tems revient, Florence, 1992. Antichità Viva31, no. 2 (1992): 50.
1992
Padoa Rizzo, Anna. Benozzo Gozzoli. Catalogo completo. Florence, 1992: 7, 26, cat. 5, as by Filippo Lippi and Benozzo Gozzoli.
1992
Petrioli Tofani, Annamaria, ed. Il disegno fiorentino del tempo di Lorenzo il Magnifico. Exh. cat. Galleria degli Uffizi, Gabinetto Disegni e Stampe, Florence, 1992: 57 n. 57, 144.
1992
Stapleford, Richard. The Age of Lorenzo de' Medici: Patronage and the Arts in Renaissance Florence. A Walking Tour of Italian Painting and Sculpture in the National Gallery of Art. Washington, 1992: no. 15, repro.
1993
Gagliardi, Jacques. La conquête de la peinture: L’Europe des ateliers du XIIIe au XVe siècle. Paris, 1993: 366, fig. 428, as by Filippo Lippi and Benozzo Gozzoli.
1993
Padoa Rizzo, Anna. “La Cappella dei Magi nell’attività di Benozzo Gozzoli.” In Cristina Acidini Luchinat, ed. Benozzo Gozzoli: La Cappella dei Magi. Milan, 1993: 357.
1993
Ruda, Jeffrey. Fra Filippo Lippi: Life and Work with a Complete Catalogue. London, 1993: 210-215, 316-324, 437-441, pls. 120, 178-181, 280-285, 287-290, as by Filippo Lippi and an assistant of Fra Angelico, possibly Benozzo Gozzoli.
1994
Acidini, Cristina. Benozzo Gozzoli. Florence and New York, 1994: 9, as by Filippo Lippi and Benozzo Gozzoli.
1994
Filippini, Cecilia, and Claudio Cerretelli. I Lippi: a Prato. Prato, 1994: 14-15.
1995
Ames-Lewis, Francis. “Fra Angelico, Fra Filippo Lippi, and the Early Medici.” In Francis Ames-Lewis, ed. The Medici and Their Artists. London, 1995: 107-108.
1995
Boskovits, Miklós. “Attorno al Tondo Cook: Precisazioni sul Beato Angelico su Filippo Lippi e altri.” Mitteilungen des Kunsthistorichen Institutes in Florenz 39, Bd., H. 1 (1995): 33-68, figs. 1, 23, 24, 27, 31, 32, 35, 36, 37.
1996
Ahl, Diane Cole. Benozzo Gozzoli. New Haven, 1996: 264-266, as by Filippo Lippi and Benozzo Gozzoli.
1996
Ciardi Dupré Dal Poggetto, Maria Grazia. “I dipinti di Palazzo Medici nell’inventario di Simone di Stagio delle Pozzo: Problemi di committenza e di arredo.” In Toscana al tempo di Lorenzo il Magnifico: Politica, economia, cultura, arte. Convegno di studi promosso dalle Università di Firenze, Pisa e Siena, 5-8 novembre 1992. 3 vols. Pisa, 1996: 137, 139, pl. 83, as by Filippo Lippi.
1996
Rowlands, Eliot W. "Filippo Lippi." In Jane Turner, ed. The Dictionary of Art. 34 vols. New York and London, 1996: 19:442.
1996
Spike, John T. Fra Angelico. New York, London, and Paris 1996: 251-252, cat. 109.
1997
Mannini, Maria Pia, and Marco Fagioli. Filippo Lippi: Catalogo completo. Florence, 1997: 69, 123, cat. 48.
1997
Shaw-Eagle, Joanna. "Christ's Birth Gave Birth to Astounding Images: Gallery Glitters with holy Masterpieces." Washington Times (December 21, 1997): D5, repro.
1998
Bonsanti, Giorgio. Beato Angelico. Catalogo completo. Florence, 1998: 153, cat. 76, as by Fra Angelico's assistants with Filippo Lippi.
1998
Capretti, Elena. Botticelli. Florence, 1998: 24, repro.
1998
Strehlke, Carl Brandon. Angelico. Milan, 1998: 16, 68 n. 12, 116, fig. 17, as by Filippo Lippi with Fra Angelico or Benozzo Gozzoli.
1999
Duits, Rembrandt. “Figured Riches: The Value of Gold Brocades in Fifteenth-Century Florentine Painting.” Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes 62 (1999): 62
1999
Holmes, Megan. Fra Filippo Lippi, The Carmelite Painter. New Haven and London, 1999: 141-144.
2000
Olson, Roberta J. M. The Florentine Tondo. Oxford, 2000: 61, 64-65, 66, fig. 3.1, as by Filippo Lippi and Workshop.
2001
Kanter, Laurence. “An Annunciation by Fra Angelico.” In Clay Dean, ed. Rediscovering Fra Angelico: A Fragmentary History. Exh. cat. Yale University Art Gallery, New Haven, 2001: 19, 38 n. 9, as by Filippo Lippi with, probably, Benozzo Gozzoli.
2002
Boskovits, Miklós. "Il Beato Angelico e Benozzo Gozzoli: problemi ancora aperti." In Bruno Toscano and Giovanna Capitelli, eds. Benozzo Gozzoli allievo a Roma, maestro in Umbria. Exh. cat. Chiesa-Museo di San Francesco, Montefalco, 2002: 46, 54 n. 30.
2002
Boskovits, Miklós. “La bottega del Beato Angelico tra Firenze e Rome, e la formazione di Benozzo Gozzoli.” In Bruno Toscano and Giovanna Capitelli, eds. Benozzo Gozzoli allievo a Roma, maestro in Umbria. Exh. cat. Chiesa-Museo di San Francesco, Montefalco, 2002: 46, 54 n. 30.
2003
Bonsanti, Giorgio. "Beato Angelico e gli inizi di Benozzo." In Enrico Castelnuovo and Alessandro Malquori, eds. Benozzo Gozzoli: Viaggio attraverso un secolo. Convegno Internazionale di Studi (Firenze - Pisa, 8 - 10 gennaio 1998). Pisa, 2003: 60, as by Filippo Lippi and Benozzo Gozzoli.
2003
Boskovits, Miklós, and David Alan Brown, et al. Italian Paintings of the Fifteenth Century. The Systematic Catalogue of the National Gallery of Art. Washington, D.C., 2003: 21-30, color repro.
2003
Secherre, Helene. “The Dubois and Fauchet Collections: The Connoisseurship of Italian Primitives in Paris at the time of the First Empire.” Apollo 157 (2003): 22, fig. 3.
2004
Danziger, Elon. "The Cook Collection: Its Founder and Its Inheritors." The Burlington Magazine 146, no. 1216 (July 2004): 444, 448, 457, repro.
2004
Hand, John Oliver. National Gallery of Art: Master Paintings from the Collection. Washington and New York, 2004: 20-21, no. 15, color repro.
2004
Nuttall, Paula. From Flanders to Florence: The Impact of Netherlandish Painting, 1400-1500. New Haven and London, 2004: 106.
2005
Christiansen, Keith, ed. From Filippo Lippi to Piero della Francesca: Fra Carnevale and the Making of a Renaissance Master. Exh. cat. Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, 2005: 208.
2005
Kanter, Laurence, and Pia Palladino. Fra Angelico. Exh. cat. Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, 2005: 282-283, fig. 90.
2005
Rowley, Neville. “Le ambiguità dell’Angelico.” Prospettiva no. 119/120 (July-October 2005): 164 n. 51.
2006
Fahy, Everett. "Early Italian paintings in Washington and Philadelphia." The Burlington Magazine 148, no. 1241 (August 2006): 538, as by Benozzo Gozzoli and Filippo Lippi.
2007
Giacomelli, Sara. "Persistenze dell'Angelico nei codici per San Marco." In Magnolia Scudieri and Sara Giacomelli, eds. Fra Giovanni Angelico. Pittore miniatore o miniatore pittore? Exh. cat. Museo di San Marco, Florence, 2007: 144-145, fig. 1.
2007
Sale, J. Russell. "Birds of a feather: the Medici 'Adoration' tondo in Washington." The Burlington Magazine 149 (January 2007): 4-13, repro.
2010
Dumbrowski, Damian. Die religiösen Gemälde Sandro Botticellis: Malerei als pia philosophia. Berlin and Munich, 2010: 93, fig. 37.
2010
Rowley, Neville. “Pittura di luce: La manière claire dans la peinture du Quattrocento.” Ph.D. Diss., Université Paris-Sorbonne, 2010: 145 n. 549, fig. 22
2013
Campbell, Stephen J. and Michael W. Cole. Italian Renaissance Art. New York, 2013: 248, 249, color fig. 9.19.
2015
Hui, Andrew. “The Birth of Ruins in Quattrocento Adoration Paintings.” I Tatti Studies in the Italian Renaissance 18, no. 2 (September 2015): 334-336, fig. 10.
2015
Verdon, Timothy. Beato Angelico. Milan, 2015: 369, fig. 245.
2018
Villa, Renzo. Beato Angelico. Pisa, 2018: 260.
2021
Debenedetti, Ana. Botticelli: Artist and Designer. London, 2021: 76.
2021
Nocentini, Serena, and Valentina Zucchi. "Benozzo, pittore fiorentino." In Serena Nocentini and Valentina Zucchi, eds. Benozzo Gozzoli e la Cappella dei Magi. Exh. cat. Palazzo Medici Riccardi, Florence, 2021: 16, fig. 2.

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