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New Angles on Art

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Glossary
Glossary

Review with students the terms they will encounter in this lesson.

Acute angle

Acute angle: an angle that measures greater than 0 and less than 90 degrees.

Acute triangle

Acute triangle: a triangle that has three acute angles.

Congruent

Congruent: equal

Equilateral

Equilateral: a figure that has all sides congruent.

Hexagon

Hexagon: a six-sided polygon.

Irregular polygon

Irregular polygon: a polygon that has sides of different lengths.

Isosceles

Isosceles: a triangle that has at least two congruent sides.

Nonagon

Nonagon: a polygon that has nine sides.

Obtuse angle

Obtuse angle: an angle greater than 90 degrees and less than 180 degrees.

Obtuse triangle

Obtuse triangle: a triangle that has an obtuse angle.

Parallelogram

Parallelogram: a quadrilateral with opposite sides parallel and equal

Parallel lines

Parallel lines: lines that lie in the same plane, but do not intersect.

Polygon

Polygon: a closed plane (flat, two-dimensional) figure bounded by straight lines; polygons may be regular or irregular. Poly=many Gon=angle

Polyhedron

Polyhedron: a three-dimensional solid made up of plane faces. Poly=many Hedron=faces

Perpendicular lines

Perpendicular lines: lines that form right angles where they intersect.

Prism

Prism: a polyhedron (geometric solid) with two parallel, same-size bases joined by 3 or more parallelogram-shaped sides.

Quadrilateral

Quadrilateral: polygon with four sides

Rectangle

Rectangle: parallelogram with all right angles (rectus = right)

Rectangular prism

Rectangular prism: prism with parallel rectangular faces, a column.

Regular polygon

Regular polygon: a polygon that has all sides congruent.

Right angle

Right angle: an angle that measures 90 degrees.

Right triangle

Right triangle: a triangle that has a right angle.

Scalene triangle

Scalene triangle: a triangle with sides of different lengths

Tetrahedron

Tetrahedron: polyhedron with four faces (tetra=four, hedron=face).

Trapezoid

Trapezoid: quadrilateral with only two parallel sides

Language Roots:

Bi: 2

Tri: 3

Quad: 4

Tetra: 4

Penta: 5

Hexa: 6

Hepta: 7

Octo: 8

Nona: 9

Deca: 10

Dodeca: 12

Icosa: 20

Rect: right

Gon: angle

Hedra: face

Poly: many

Equi: congruent, equal

Gram: drawing, writing or record

Linear: in a line, pertaining to a line

Lateral: side, pertaining to the side



Art and Architecture Terms

Mark Rothko, Orange and Tan, 1954
Mark Rothko, Orange and Tan, 1954

Abstract art/abstraction: Art that contains no recognizable pictorial imagery and uses the elements of art (line, color, shape, form, texture) to communicate.

I. M. Pei
I. M. Pei

Architect: The person who designs buildings and oversees their construction.

National Gallery of Art East Building
National Gallery of Art East Building

Architecture: The built environment, the art and science of producing buildings and other structures.

Henry Moore, Knife Edge Mirror Two Piece, 1976-1978
Henry Moore, Knife Edge Mirror Two Piece, 1976-1978

Asymmetry: Without symmetry; not evenly balanced on both sides of a dividing line.

Joseph Kosuth, Art as Idea: Nothing, 1968
Joseph Kosuth, Art as Idea: Nothing, 1968

Conceptual art: The idea or concept behind a work of art is the most important element in conceptual art. The artist's concept generates the resulting product, and the work of art is often executed by studio assistants.

Donald Judd, Untitled, 1969
Donald Judd, Untitled, 1969

Minimalism: A style of art, originating in the 1960s, known for its use of simple geometric forms and industrial materials to create large-scale works. It was often characterized as austere and impersonal, with the cool regularity of a machine.

National Gallery of Art West Building
National Gallery of Art West Building

Neoclassical architecture: Buildings and structures that use design elements from ancient Greek and Roman sources.

Dan Flavin, untitled (to Barnett Newman to commemorate his simple problem, red, yellow and blue) , 1970
Dan Flavin, untitled (to Barnett Newman to commemorate his simple problem, red, yellow and blue), 1970

Symmetry: Correspondence or mirror reflection in size, shape, and position on opposite sides of a dividing line.

Frank Stella, Prinz Friedrich von Homburg, Ein Schauspiel, 3X, 1998-2001
Frank Stella, Prinz Friedrich von Homburg, Ein Schauspiel, 3X, 1998-2001

Three-dimensional art: Art that occupies space; sculpture and architecture.

Susan Rothenberg, Butterfly, 1976
Susan Rothenberg, Butterfly, 1976

Two-dimensional art: Flat art like drawings, paintings, and photographs.

Imprint of a seal showing a ziggurat. From Babylon, 2nd-1st Mill
Imprint of a seal showing a ziggurat. From Babylon, 2nd-1st Mill

Ziggurat: An ancient Mesopotamian pyramid-style structure with stepped-back faces or sides.


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