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John Smeaton (architect) and Josias Jessop (model maker), Model
for the Eddystone Lighthouse, off Plymouth, England, 1757-1759, Trustees
of the National Museums of Scotland, Edinburgh
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As trade expanded throughout Europe in the 17th and 18th centuries, the
baroque also extended to commercial structures such as banks and market
buildings. Everyday necessities such as food and clothing could be purchased
locally at such market halls. Luxury items too were increasingly in demand, and
fine silks, porcelain, spices, tea, coffee, tobacco, and rum were imported to
Europe from Asia and the New World. The growth in local and international
trade required more elaborate transportation networks of roads, canals, and, in
particular, shipping routes, harbors, and lighthouses. Eddystone Lighthouse,
located off the southwestern coast of England, was built as a commercial
enterprise. It was commissioned in 1756 by a small company of shareholders,
who collected tolls from ships entering Plymouth Harbor in return for maintaining
the light.
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