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John
Haberle, Imitation, 1887, National Gallery of Art, Washington,
New Century Fund, Gift of the Amon G. Carter Foundation 1998.96.1
John Frederick Peto,
Five Dollar Bill, c. 1885, Collection of the Brandywine River Museum,
Gift of Amanda K. Berls
William Michael Harnett, Still-Life Five Dollar Bill, 1877,
Philadelphia Museum of Art, Alex Simpson Jr. Collection
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What
made money such a popular subject for these trompe l'oeil artists? Harnett,
Peto, and Haberle painted in the last decades of the nineteenth century,
a time of materialism and financial empiresthe Gilded Age. It was
the era of the Greenback party, with its promise to issue great quantities
of treasury notes if elected (causing the public anxiety over the stability
of the currency). These artists were also playing with the notion of value,
by asking viewers to consider the value of, for example, a real five dollar
bill versus the value of a five dollar bill rendered as a work of art.
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