Predynastic Period
c. 5300-3000 bc

Lower Egypt

Neolithic

c. 5300-4000 bc

Maadi cultural complex

c. 4000-3200 bc

Upper Egypt

Badarian Period

c. 4400-4000 bc

Amratian (Naqada I) Period

c. 4000-3500 bc

Gerzean (Naqada II) Period

c. 3500-3200 bc

After c. 3200 bc the same chronological sequence applies to the whole of Egypt.
Naqada III/ “Dynasty 0”

c. 3200-3000 bc

Early Dynastic Period
c. 3000-2686 bc

First Dynasty

c. 3000-2890

Aha

Djer

Djet

Den

Queen Merneith

Anedjib

Semerkhet

Qa´a

Second Dynasty

2890-2686

Hetepsekhemwy

Raneb

Nynetjer

Weneg

Sened

Peribsen

Khasekhemwy

Old Kingdom
2686-2125 bc

Third Dynasty

2686-2613

Nebka

2686-2667

Djoser

2667-2648

Sekhemkhet

2648-2640

Khaba

2640-2637

Sanakhet?

Huni

2637-2613

Fourth Dynasty

2613-2494

Snefru

2613-2589

Khufu (Cheops)

2589-2566

Djedefra (Radjedef)

2566-2558

Khefre (Chephren)

2558-2532

Menkaura (Mycerinus)

2532-2503

Shepseskaf

2503-2498

Fifth Dynasty

2494-2345

Userkaf

2494-2487

Sahura

2487-2475

Neferirkara

2475-2455

Shepseskara

2455-2448

Raneferef

2448-2445

Nyuserra

2445-2421

Menkauhor

2421-2414

Djedkara

2414-2375

Unas

2375-2345

Sixth Dynasty

2345-2181

Teti

2345-2323

Userkara

2323-2321

Pepy I

2321-2287

Merenra

2287-2278

Pepy II

2278-2184

Nitiqret

2184-2181

Seventh and Eighth Dynasties

2181-2160

Numerous kings, called Neferkara, presumably
in imitation of Pepy II.

First Intermediate Period
2160-2055 bc

Ninth and Tenth Dynasties
(Herakleopolits)

2160-2025

Khety

Khety

Khety

Merykara

Eleventh Dynasty (Thebes only)

2125-2055

Mentuhotep I

Intef I

2125-2112

Intef II

2112-2063

Intef III

2063-2055

Middle Kingdom
2055-1650 bc

Eleventh Dynasty (all Egypt)

2055-1985

Mentuhotep II 2055-2004

Mentuhotep III 2004-1992

Mentuhotep IV 1992-1985

Twelfth Dynasty 1985-1773

Amenemhat I 1985-1956

Senusret I 1956-1911

Amenemhat II 1911-1877

Senusret II 1877-1870

Senusret III 1870-1831

Amenemhat III 1831-1786

Amenemhat IV 1786-1777

Queen Sobekneferu 1777-1773

Thirteenth Dynasty

1773-after 1650

Wegaf

Sobekhotep II

Iykhernefert Neferhotep

Ameny-intef-amenemhat

Hor

Khendjer

Sobekhotep III

Neferhotep I

Sahathor

Sobekhotep IV

Sobekhotep V

Ay

Fourteenth Dynasty

1773-1650

Minor rulers probably contemporary with the Thirteenth or Fifteenth Dynasty

Second Intermediate Period
1650-1550 bc

Fifteenth Dynasty (Hyksos)

1650-1550

Salitis / Sekerher

Khyan

c. 1600

Apepi

c. 1555

Khamudi

1650-1580

Sixteenth Dynasty
Theban early rulers contemporary with the Fifteenth Dynasty

Seventeenth Dynasty

c. 1580-1550

Rahotep

Sobekemsaf I

Intef VI

Intef VII

Intef VIII

Sobekemsaf II

Siamun (?)

Taa

c. 1560

Kamose

1555-1550

New Kingdom
1550-1069 bc

Eighteenth Dynasty

1550-1295

Ahmose

1550-1525

Amenhotep I

1525-1504

Thutmose I

1504-1492

Thutmose II

1492-1479

Thutmose III

1479-1425

Queen Hatshepsut

1473-1458

Amenhotep II

1427-1400

Thutmose IV

1400-1390

Amenhotep III

1390-1352

Amenhotep IV/Akhenaten

1352-1336

Neferneferuaten

1338-1336

Tutankhamun

1336-1327

Ay

1327-1323

Horemheb

1323-1295

Ramessid Period
1295-1069 bc

Nineteenth Dynasty

1295-1186

Ramesses I

1295-1294

Seti I

1294-1279

Ramesses II

1279-1213

Merenptah

1213-1203

Amenmessu

1203-1200?

Seti II

1200-1194

Saptah

1194-1188

Queen Tausret

1188-1186

Twentieth Dynasty

1186-1069

Sethnakht

1186-1184

Ramesses III

1184-1153

Ramesses IV

1153-1147

Ramesses V

1147-1143

Ramesses VI

1143-1136

Ramesses VII

1136-1129

Ramesses VIII

1129-1126

Ramesses IX

1126-1108

Ramesses X

1108-1099

Ramesses XI

1099-1069

Third Intermediate Period
1069-664 bc

Twenty-first Dynasty

1069-945

Smendes

1069-1043

Amenemnisu

1043-1039

Psusennes I

1039-991

Amenemope

993-984

Osorkon the Elder

984-978

Siamun

978-959

Psusennes II

959-945

Twenty-second Dynasty

945-715

Sheshonk I

945-924

Osorkon I

924-889

Sheshonk II

c. 890

Takelot I

889-874

Osorkon II

874-850

Takelot II

850-825

Sheshonk III

825-773

Pimay

773-767

Sheshonk V

767-730

Osorkon IV

730-715

Twenty-third Dynasty
Kings in various centers, contemporary with
the later Twenty-second, Twenty-fourth,
and early Twenty-fifth Dynasties, including:

818-715

Pedubastis I

Iuput I

Sheshonk IV

Osorkon III

Takelot III

Rudamon

Peftjauawybast

Iuput II

Twenty-fourth Dynasty

727-715

Bakenrenef

720-715

Twenty-fifth Dynasty

747-656

Piy

747-716

Shabaqo

716-702

Shabitqo

702-690

Taharqo

690-664

Tanutamani

664-656

Late Period
664-332 bc

Twenty-sixth Dynasty (Saite Period)

664-525

Nekau I

672-664

Psamtik I

664-610

Nekau II

610-595

Psamtik II

595-589

Apries

589-570

Ahmose II

570-526

Psamtik III

526-525

Twenty-seventh Dynasty
(First Persian Period)

525-404

Cambyses

525-522

Darius I

522-486

Xerxes I

486-465

Artaxerxes I

465-424

Darius II

424-405

Artaxerxes II

405-359

Twenty-eighth Dynasty

404-399

Amyrtaios

404-399

Twenty-ninth Dynasty

399-380

Nepherites I

399-393

Hakor [Achoris]

393-380

Nepherites II

c. 380

Thirtieth Dynasty

380-343

Nectanebo I

380-362

Teos

362-360

Nectanebo II

360-343

Second Persian Period

343-332

Artaxerxes III Ochus

343-338

Arses

338-336

Darius III Codoman

336-332

Ptolemaic Period
332-30 bc

Greco-Roman refers to the Ptolemaic and
Roman periods.

Macedonian Dynasty

332-305

Alexander the Great

332-323

Philip Arrhidaeus

323-317

Alexander IV

317-310

Ptolemaic Dynasty

Ptolemy I Soter I

305-285

Ptolemy II Philadelphus

285-246

Ptolemy III Euergetes I

246-221

Ptolemy IV Philopator

221-205

Ptolemy V Epiphanes

205-180

Ptolemy VI Philometor

180-145

Ptolemy VII Neos Philopator

145

Ptolemy VIII Euergetes II

170-116

Ptolemy IX Soter II

116-107

Ptolemy X Alexander I

107-88

Ptolemy IX Soter II (restored)

88-80

Ptolemy XI Alexander II

80

Ptolemy XII Neos Dionysos (Auletes)

80-51

Cleopatra VII Philopator

51-30

Ptolemy XIII

51-47

Ptolemy XIV

47-44

Ptolemy XV Caesarion

44-30

Early Roman Period
30 bc-138 ce

Augustus

30 bc-14 ce

Tiberius

14 ce-37

Gaius (Caligula)

37-41

Claudius

41-54

Nero

54-68

Galba

68-69

Otho

69

Vespasian

69-79

Titus

79-81

Domitian

81-96

Nerva

96-98

Trajan

98-117

Hadrian

117-138

Chronology of Ancient Egypt adapted from Ian Shaw, ed., The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt (Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 2000), 480-83.