Andrea de' Franceschi
late 16th or early 17th century
Painter

Andrea de’ Franceschi pursued a highly successful career in the civil service, ultimately rising to become grand chancellor of Venice. This office, which was the highest attainable to any Venetian from a nonnoble family, was held for life. In rank it was senior to that of senator, and it was junior only to that of doge and procurator of San Marco.
A 17th-century biographer of Titian noted that De’ Franceschi was a close friend of the painter. De’ Franceschi’s will, dated 1535, mentions that at the time he owned two portraits of himself by Titian. Evidence indicates that this painting was not one of them, as the style is difficult to reconcile with that of Titian. The handling of paint is harsher and cruder, and the colors are less subtly modulated. Also, scientific analysis of the present portrait reveals no underdrawing or alterations that would suggest it is an original composition. The work is most likely a copy either of a version of the composition now in the Detroit Institute of Arts, or of another close version of it. The Gallery’s painting has been cut along the bottom; originally, the sitter may have been depicted holding a letter, as he does in other versions of this portrait.

West Building Main Floor, Gallery 23
Artwork overview
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Medium
oil on canvas
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Credit Line
-
Dimensions
overall: 64.8 x 50.6 cm (25 1/2 x 19 15/16 in.)
framed: 87.15 x 73.98 x 7.78 cm (34 5/16 x 29 1/8 x 3 1/16 in.) -
Accession
1937.1.35
More About this Artwork
Artwork history & notes
Provenance
("Anthony," London); purchased before 1859 by Francis Richard Charteris, Lord Elcho [1818-1914, from 1883 the 10th earl of Wemyss], London, and Gosford House, Lothian, Scotland;[1] by inheritance to his son, Hugo Richard Charteris, 11th earl of Wemyss [1857-1937], Gosford House, until 1927; (Wildenstein & Co., New York); sold 1928 to (M. Knoedler & Co., New York); purchased January 1928 by Andrew W. Mellon, Pittsburgh and Washington, D.C.; deeded 28 December 1934 to The A.W. Mellon Educational and Charitable Trust, Pittsburgh;[2] gift 1937 to NGA.
[1] The painting was lent by Lord Elcho to the British Institution in 1859. Confirmation that the painting was not inherited by Lord Elcho, but was purchased by him from a London dealer named “Anthony,” was kindly provided to Peter Humfrey by Shelagh, Countess of Wemyss and March, on the basis of family papers at Gosford House. See also Shelagh Wemyss, "Francis, Lord Elcho (10th Earl of Wemyss) as a Collector of Italian Old Masters," Journal of the Scottish Society for Art History 8 (2003): 73-76, and on the collecting by the earls of Wemyss and March, Pictures from Gosford House Lent by The Earl of Wemyss and March, exh. cat., National Gallery of Scotland, Edinburgh, 1957; "The Earls of Wemyss and March," in Dutch Art and Scotland: A Reflection of Taste, exh. cat., National Gallery of Scotland, Edinburgh, 1992: 171.
[2] Mellon date deeded to Mellon Trust is according to Mellon collection records in NGA curatorial files and David Finley's notebook (donated to the National Gallery of Art in 1977, now in the Gallery Archives).
Associated Names
- Charteris, Francis, de jure 7th earl of Wemyss
- Charteris-Wemyss-Douglas, 8th earl of Wemyss, Francis
- Charteris-Douglas, 9th earl of Wemyss, Francis
- Charteris, 10th earl of Wemyss, Francis Richard
- Charteris, Hugo Richard 11th earl of Wemyss
- Wildenstein & Co., Inc.
- M. Knoedler & Company
- Mellon, Andrew W.
- The A.W. Mellon Educational and Charitable Trust
Exhibition History
1859
Pictures by Italian, Spanish, Flemish, Dutch, French, and English Masters, British Institution, London, 1859, no. 40, as Head of a Man by Titian.
Bibliography
1859
Catalogue of Pictures by Italian, Spanish, Flemish, Dutch, French, and English Masters with which the Proprietors have favored the Institution. Exh. cat. British Institution, London, 1859: 9, no. 40.
1877
Crowe, Joseph Archer, and Giovanni Battista Cavalcaselle. Titian, His Life and Times. 2 vols. London, 1877: 2:64-65.
1927
Berenson, Bernard. “While on Tintoretto.” In Festschrift für Max J. Friedländer zum 60. Geburtstage. Leipzig, 1927: 231-235.
1929
Holmes, Charles. “The Inscription upon Titian’s Portrait of Franceschi.” The Burlington Magazine for Connoisseurs 55 (1929): 159-160.
1932
Berenson, Bernard. Italian Pictures of the Renaissance: A List of the Principal Artists and Their Works with an Index of Places. Oxford, 1932: 577.
1933
Suida, Wilhelm. Tizian. Zürich and Leipzig, 1933: 164.
1936
Berenson, Bernard. Pitture italiane del rinascimento: catalogo dei principali artisti e delle loro opere con un indice dei luoghi. Translated by Emilio Cecchi. Milan, 1936: 496.
1937
Tietze, Hans. Titian: Paintings and Drawings. Vienna, 1937: 320.
1941
Preliminary Catalogue of Paintings and Sculpture. National Gallery of Art, Washington, 1941: 196, no. 35, as by Titian.
1942
Book of Illustrations. National Gallery of Art, Washington, 1942: 240, repro. 200, as by Titian.
1946
Riggs, Arthur Stanley. Titian the Magnificent and the Venice of His Day. New York, 1946: 133.
1947
Berenson, Bernard. “Ristudiando Tintoretto e Tiziano.” Arte Veneta 1 (1947): 29-30.
1949
Paintings and Sculpture from the Mellon Collection. National Gallery of Art, Washington, 1949 (reprinted 1953 and 1958): 37, repro., as by Titian.
1950
Tietze, Hans. Titian. The Paintings and Drawings. London, 1950: 403.
1953
Pallucchini, Rodolfo. Tiziano. Lezioni di storia dell’arte. 2 vols. Bologna, 1953-1954: 1:174.
1954
Catalogue of the Paintings and Sculptures given by E. B. Whitcomb and A. S. Whitcomb to the Detroit Institute of Arts. Detroit, 1954: 107.
1956
Suida, Wilhelm. “Miscellanea Tizianesca, II.” Arte Veneta 10 (1956): 76.
1957
Berenson, Bernard. Italian Pictures of the Renaissance. Venetian School. 2 vols. London, 1957: 1:192.
1958
Gore, St. John. “Five Portraits.” The Burlington Magazine 100 (1958): 352.
1960
Valcanover, Francesco. Tutta la pittura di Tiziano. 2 vols. Milan, 1960: 1:101 no. 214a.
1965
Summary Catalogue of European Paintings and Sculpture. National Gallery of Art, Washington, 1965: 129, as by Titian.
Troche, Gunter. “Venetian Paintings of the Renaissance at the M. H. De Young Memorial Museum.” Art Quarterly 28 (1965): 98.
1968
National Gallery of Art. European Paintings and Sculpture: Illustrations. Washington, 1968: 117, repro., as by Titian.
1969
Pallucchini, Rodolfo. Tiziano. 2 vols. Florence, 1969: 1:78-79, 266.
Valcanover, Francesco. L’opera completa di Tiziano. Milan, 1969: 107.
Wethey, Harold. The Paintings of Titian. 3 vols. London, 1969-1975: 2(1971):101.
1972
Fredericksen, Burton B., and Federico Zeri. Census of Pre-Nineteenth Century Italian Paintings in North American Public Collections. Cambridge, Mass., 1972: 203, 513, 645.
1975
European Paintings: An Illustrated Summary Catalogue. National Gallery of Art, Washington, 1975: 344, repro.
1979
Shapley, Fern Rusk. Catalogue of the Italian Paintings. 2 vols. Washington, 1979: 1:506-508; 2:pl. 355, as After Titian.
1980
Fasolo, Ugo. Titian. Florence, 1980: 39-41.
1983
Shearman, John. The Early Italian Pictures in the Collection of Her Majesty the Queen. Cambridge, 1983: 268, 271.
1985
European Paintings: An Illustrated Catalogue. National Gallery of Art, Washington, 1985: 398, repro.
1989
Magani, Fabrizio. Il collezionismo e la commitenza artistica della famiglia Widmann, patrizi veneziani, dal Seicento all'Ottocento. Memorie dell’Istituto Veneto di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti, vol. 41. Venice, 1989: 42.
1992
Hochmann, Michel. Peintres et commanditaires à Venise (1540–1628). Rome, 1992: 356-358.
2001
Pedrocco, Filippo. Titian: The Complete Paintings. New York, 2001: 152.
2002
Weigel, Thomas. “Begräbniszeremoniell und Grabmäler venezianischer Grosskanzler des 16. Jahrhunderts.” In Praemium Virtutis: Grabmonumente und Begräbniszeremoniell im Zeichen des Humanismus. Edited by Joachim Poeschke, Britta Kusch, and Thomas Weigel. Münster, 2002: 148.
2007
Humfrey, Peter. Titian: The Complete Paintings. Ghent and New York, 2007: 149.
2016
Howard, Deborah. “Titian’s portraits of Grand Chancellor Andrea de’ Franceschi.” Artibus et Historiae 37, no. 74 (2016): 139-151.
Inscriptions
upper left on tablet: ...TIS/...OIX
Wikidata ID
Q3937462