Madonna and Child Enthroned with Saint Peter and Saint Paul
c. 1430
Artist, Sienese, c. 1400 - 1447
Artwork overview
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Medium
tempera (?) on panel
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Credit Line
-
Dimensions
overall: 53 x 31 cm (20 7/8 x 12 3/16 in.)
framed: 56.5 x 33.7 x 6 cm (22 1/4 x 13 1/4 x 2 3/8 in.) -
Accession
1961.9.3
Artwork history & notes
Provenance
Possibly George Ashburnham, 3rd earl of Ashburnham [1760-1830], Florence and Ashburnham Place, Battle, Sussex;[1] by inheritance to his son, Bertram Ashburnham, 4th earl of Ashburnham [1797-1878], Ashburnham Place;[2] by inheritance to his son, Bertram Ashburnham, 5th earl of Ashburnham [1840-1913], Ashburnham Place; by inheritance to his daughter, Lady Mary Catherine Charlotte Ashburnham [d. 1953], Ashburnham Place;[3] (Duveen Brothers, Inc., London and New York), by 1919;[4] sold 1944 to the Samuel H. Kress Collection, New York;[5] gift 1961 to NGA.
[1] It is known that the third earl lived for some time in the "Villa Pasquale" near Florence, which in the 18th century belonged to the Pasquali family and can probably be identified with the place now called Villa di Quarto. No record of his collecting activities is known, but some of the 15th century paintings in the collection are described in a manuscript inventory of 1878 as coming "from Villa Pasquale"; see The Ashburnham Collections. Part I. Catalogue of Paintings and Drawings..., Sotheby's, London, 24 June 1953: 3-4.
[2] The fourth earl was one of the most famous English collectors of his century. His interests were chiefly in collecting manuscripts and incunabula (see A.N.L. Munby, Connoisseurs and Medieval Miniatures, 1750-1850, Oxford, 1972: 120-138), but he also bought paintings. After his death, so far as it is known, the collecting activities of the family stopped (see The Ashburnham Collections... 1953: 4). Although Gustav Friedrich Waagen, Treasures of Art in Great Britain, 3 vols., London, 1854: 3:27, believed that most of the paintings belonging to the family were sold at auction in 1850, actually many of them were bought in and remained in the collection until 1953.
[3] During the fifth earl's lifetime the library was sold, and there was also an important picture sale on 13 July 1901 at Christie's in London. Some pictures were also sold by private treaty (see The Ashburnham Collections... 1953: 4).
[4] An expertise by Osvald Sirén, dated 25 July 1919 (copy in NGA curatorial files), states that the painting at that time was already with Duveen Brothers. Probably the latter acquired it from the fifth earl's daughter, Lady Mary Catherine Charlotte Ashburnham, at the same time that NGA 1937.1.9 and NGA 1939.1.297 were sold.
[5] See Fern Rusk Shapley, Catalogue of the Italian Paintings, 2 vols., Washington, D.C., 1979: 1:157. The information available on the history of the painting between 1919 and 1944 is somewhat contradictory. Van Marle (1927: 9:544) mentions "a charming little picture of the Virgin between SS. Peter and Paul that I saw for sale in Paris in July 1925" among the works of Domenico di Bartolo. It is probable but not quite certain that the author was actually referring to the NGA painting, seen at Duveen's Paris office. A further point of uncertainty concerns the panel's ownership in the early 1940s. According to Shapley, it was exhibited in New York in 1943 with the Bache collection, but it is not listed in any of the three editions (1929, 1937, 1943) of the catalogue of that collection. The fact of its exhibition is recorded on a photograph of the painting in the Frick Art Reference Library in New York. Miklós Boskovits guesses that Duveen Brothers, usual suppliers of paintings for Jule Bache, did offer him the painting for sale, but after being in Bache's house on approval for a time (and shown with his collection at The Metropolitan Museum of Art), it was returned to Duveen's. See also The Kress Collection Digital Archive, https://kress.nga.gov/Detail/objects/1353.
Associated Names
Exhibition History
1943
Possibly Bache Collection, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, 1943.
1946
Recent Additions to the Kress Collection, National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C., 1946, no. 796.
1988
Painting in Renaissance Siena, 1420-1500, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, 1988-1989, no. 40, repro. (cat. by Keith Christiansen, Laurence B. Kanter, and Carl Brandon Strehlke).
Bibliography
1946
Frankfurter, Alfred M. Supplement to the Kress Collection in the National Gallery. New York, 1946: 32-33, repro.
1965
Summary Catalogue of European Paintings and Sculpture. National Gallery of Art, Washington, 1965: 42.
1966
Shapley, Fern Rusk. Paintings from the Samuel H. Kress Collection: Italian Schools, XIII-XV Century. London, 1966: 140, fig. 377.
1968
National Gallery of Art. European Paintings and Sculpture, Illustrations. Washington, 1968: 35, repro.
Berenson, Bernard. Italian Pictures of the Renaissance. Central Italian and North Italian Schools. 3 vols. London, 1968: 1:110. 2:pl.794.
1975
European Paintings: An Illustrated Summary Catalogue. National Gallery of Art, Washington, 1975: 108, repro.
1979
Shapley, Fern Rusk. Catalogue of the Italian Paintings. 2 vols. National Gallery of Art, Washington, 1979: 1:157-158; 2:pl. 111.
1980
Ragghianti, Carlo L. “Galleria di Washington.” Critica d’Arte 45, nos. 154-156 (1980): 218.
1985
European Paintings: An Illustrated Catalogue. National Gallery of Art, Washington, 1985: 130, repro.
1993
Gagliardi, Jacques. La conquête de la peinture: L’Europe des ateliers du XIIIe au XVe siècle. Paris, 1993: 394, fig. 461.
1997
Chelazzi Dini, Giulietta, Alessandro Angelini, and Bernardina Sani. Sienese Painting From Duccio to the Birth of the Baroque. New York, 1997: 255-256, 261.
2003
Boskovits, Miklós, David Alan Brown, et al. Italian Paintings of the Fifteenth Century. The Systematic Catalogue of the National Gallery of Art. Washington, 2003: 513-518, color repro., as Attributed to Matteo di Giovanni.
2006
Fahy, Everett. "Early Italian paintings in Washington and Philadelphia." The Burlington Magazine 148, no. 1241 (August 2006): 539.
2010
Rowley, Neville. “Pittura di luce: La manière claire dans la peinture du Quattrocento.” Ph.D. Diss., Université Paris-Sorbonne, 2010: 145 n. 549, fig. 222.
2013
Walmsley, Elizabeth. "Italian Renaissance Paintings Restored in Paris by Duveen Brothers, Inc., c. 1927-1929." Facture: conservation, science, art history 1 (2013): 58-77, fig. 19.
Wikidata ID
Q20173467