Saint Jerome and the Angel
c. 1622/1625
Painter, French, 1590 - 1649


West Building Main Floor, Gallery 29
Artwork overview
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Medium
oil on canvas
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Credit Line
-
Dimensions
overall: 144.8 × 179.8 cm (57 × 70 13/16 in.)
framed: 165.1 × 204.47 × 9.53 cm (65 × 80 1/2 × 3 3/4 in.) -
Accession
1961.9.52
Artwork history & notes
Provenance
Cardinal Carlo Barberini [d. 1704], Rome, by 1692/1704; by descent in the Barberini family, Rome;[1] (Gabriel Sonnino, New York);[2] sold 1952 to the Samuel H. Kress Foundation, New York;[3] gift 1961 to NGA.
[1] The Barberini inventories include three separate paintings that have been confused in the literature: one unattributed saint with an angel playing the trumpet in a vertical format, variously called Mark or Jerome; one Saint Jerome with an angel by Vouet in a square format; and finally the horizontal format Saint Jerome with an angel holding a trumpet by Vouet that can be identified as the Gallery's picture. The vertical picture appears in both the 1648-1649 inventory of Taddeo Barberini, Principe di Palestrina (d. 1647), and the 1655 inventory of his brother, Maffeo (d. 1685), who became Pope Urban VIII. The square picture appears in Cardinal Antonio's 1671 inventory and probably in his 1672 bequests, and again in the inventory of Cardinal Carlo drawn up between 1692 and 1704. The horizontal Saint Jerome first appears only in the inventory of Cardinal Carlo; see Lavin 1975, 441, VI. inv. 92-04, 337, "Un S. Girolamo con l'angelo con tromba in mano al: p.mi 7: L:9 Cornice dorata intagliata di monsù Ouuet." ("A St. Jerome with an angel holding a trumpet, 7 palms high, 9 wide, [in a] gilded carved frame, by Mr. Vouet.") Since the horizontal and square pictures are both listed, in two separate rooms, in Carlo's inventory of 1692/1704, they are clearly two separate paintings. For the other inventories, see Marilyn Aronberg Lavin, Seventeenth-Century Barberini Documents and Inventories of Art, New York, 1975: V inv. 48-49, 417; VII inv. 55, 210; VI inv. 92-04, 337; IV inv. 71, 330; IV hered 72, 125; VI. inv. 92-04, 123. Active collectors, the Barberini could have acquired the painting at any moment during the 17th century, and the question of patronage for the Saint Jerome remains open. The "St Mathieu de Mr. Vouet," which Robert de Cotte reported seeing in the Barberini palace at Palestrina around 1689 has been connected with the Gallery's picture, but it could have been the square version; see Jacques Thuillier, "Pour un 'Corpus Poussinianum'," in André Chastel, ed., Actes du colloque international Nicolas Poussin: Paris, 19-21 septembre 1958, 2 vols., Paris, 1960: 2:205.
[2] See the letter from Ettore Sestieri to William Suida, 2 February 1952, copy in NGA curatorial files.
[3] See The Kress Collection Digital Archive, https://kress.nga.gov/Detail/objects/1846.
Associated Names
Exhibition History
1961
Art Treasures for America: An Anthology of Paintings & Sculpture in the Samuel H. Kress Collection, National Gallery of Art, Washington, 1961-1962, no. 133, repro.
1974
Breion de Lavergnée, Arnauld, and Jean-Pierre Cuzin, Valentin et les caravagesques francais, (Exh. cat. Galeries nationales du Grand Palais.) Paris, 1974: 204, 205, 226, 255 (French ed.); 198, 218, 248 (Italian ed.).
1982
Opperman, H. N. Jean-Baptiste Oudry 1686-1755. (Exh. cat. Galeries nationales du Grand Palais.) Paris, 1982: 335-336, no. 117, color repro.
France in the Golden Age: Seventeenth-Century French Paintings in American Collections, Galeries nationales du Grand Palais, Paris; The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York; The Art Institute of Chicago, 1982, no. 117, repro.
1999
Caravaggio's 'The Taking of Christ': Saints and Sinners in Baroque Painting, National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C., 1999, brochure, no. 5, repro.
2008
Simon Vouet (les années italiennes 1613/1617), Musée des Beaux-Arts de Nantes; Musée des Beaux-Arts et d'Archéologie de Besançon, 2008-2009, no. 21, repro.
2012
Caravaggio and His Legacy, Musée Fabre, Montpellier; Los Angeles County Museum of Art; Wadsworth Atheneum Museum of Art, Hartford, 2012-2013, no. 28, repro.
2018
Utrecht, Caravaggio and Europe, Centraal Museum, Utrecht; Bayerisches Staatsgemäldesammlungen - Alte Pinakothek, Munich, 2018-2019, no. 15, repro.
Bibliography
1935
Longhi, Roberto. “I pittori della realta in Francia.” L’Italia Letteraria (Jan. 19, 1935). Reprinted in Paragone 269 (July 1972): 1935 Longhi: 6, fig. 9; 1972 reprint: 10, fig. 8.
1943
Longhi, Roberto. “Ultimi studi sul Caravaggio e la Cerchia.” Proporzioni; studi di storia dell’arte 1 (1943): 32, 56 n. 76, fig. 75.
1951
Pauwels, Henri. “Nieuwe Toeschrijvingen bij het oeuvre van Hendrik Ter Brugghen.” Gentse
Bijdragen tot de Kunstgeschiedenis 13 (1951): 161 – 162, fig. 5.
1954
Zeri, Federico. La galleria e la collezione Barberini. Rome, 1954: 7, no. 89, repro.
1955
Réau, Louis._ Iconographie de l’art chrétien_. 3 vols. Paris, 1955 – 1959: 3, part 2(1958):748.
1956
Paintings and Sculpture from the Kress Collection Acquired by the Samuel H. Kress Foundation 1951-56. Introduction by John Walker, text by William E. Suida and Fern Rusk Shapley. National Gallery of Art. Washington, 1956: 202, no. 80, repro.
Walker, John. "National Gallery of Art, Washington." Washington, 1956: 202, no. 80, repro.
1957
Shapley, Fern Rusk. Comparisons in Art: A Companion to the National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC. London, 1957 (reprinted 1959): 16-17, repro.
1958
Nicolson, Benedict. Hendrick Terbrugghen. London, 1958: 130, no. E118.
Picard, Yves. La vie et l’oeuvre de Simon Vouet. 2 vols. Paris, 1958 – 1962: 1 (1958): 25, no. 9.
1959
Paintings and Sculpture from the Samuel H. Kress Collection. National Gallery of Art, Washington, 1959: 336, repro.
Manning, Robert L. “Some Important Paintings by Simon Vouet in America.” In Studies
in the History of Art Dedicated to William E. Suida on His Eightieth Birthday. New York, 1959: 294, fig. 1.National Gallery of Art. "Paintings and Sculpture from the Kress Collection" 2nd ed. Washington, 1959: 336, repro.
1961
Walker, John, Guy Emerson, and Charles Seymour. Art Treasures for America: An Anthology of Paintings & Sculpture in the Samuel H. Kress Collection. London, 1961: 141-142, repro. pl. 133.
1962
Crelly, William R. The Painting of Simon Vouet, New Haven and London, 1962: 43-44, 47, 222, no.153, fig. 25.
1965
Summary Catalogue of European Paintings and Sculpture. National Gallery of Art, Washington, 1965: 138.
Dargent, Georgette, and Jacques Thuillier. “Simon Vouet en Italie: essai de
catalogue critique.” SaggMem 4 (1965): 43 – 44, no. A15, pl. 32.
1968
National Gallery of Art. European Paintings and Sculpture, Illustrations. Washington, 1968: 125, repro.
1974
Brejon de Lavergnée, Arnauld and Jean Pierre Cuzin. "Valentin et les caravagesques français." (Exh. cat. Galeries nationales du Grand Palais.) Paris, 1974: 204, 205, 226, 255 (French ed.): 198, 218, 248 (Italian ed.)
1975
European Paintings: An Illustrated Summary Catalogue. National Gallery of Art, Washington, 1975: 370, repro.
Lavin, Marilyn Aronberg. Seventeenth-Century Barberini Documents and Inventories of Art.
New York, 1975: 441, VI.inv.92–04, no. 337.Walker, John. National Gallery of Art, Washington. New York, 1975: 312-313, no. 412, color repro.
1977
Eisler, Colin. Paintings from the Samuel H. Kress Collection: European Schools Excluding Italian. Oxford, 1977: 259-261, fig. 244.
1979
Watson, Ross. The National Gallery of Art, Washington. New York, 1979: 71, pl. 57.
Nicolson, Benedict. The International Caravaggesque Movement: Lists of Pictures by Caravaggio and His Followers throughout Europe from 1590 to 1650. Oxford, 1979: 109.
Watson, Ross. "National Gallery of Art. London, 1979: 71, pl. 57, color repro.
1982
Rosenberg, Pierre. "La peinture français du XVI siècle dans les collections américaines." (Exh. cat. Galeries nationales du Grand Palais, Metropolitan Museum of Art, and Art Institute of Chicago.) Paris, 1982: 335-336, no. 117, color repro.. English ed. "France in the Golden Age: Seventeenth-Century French Paintings in American Collections." New York, 1982.
1984
Walker, John. National Gallery of Art, Washington. Rev. ed. New York, 1984: 313, no. 409, color repro.
Walker, John. "National Gallery of Art, Washington." New York, 1984: 313, no. 409, color repro.
1985
European Paintings: An Illustrated Catalogue. National Gallery of Art, Washington, 1985: 429, repro.
1992
Walmsley, Elizabeth, and Diane De Grazia. "A propos des radiographs du Saint Jérôme et l'ange de la National Gallery of Art de Washington." In Simon Vouet: Actes du colloque international, Galeries nationales du Grand Palais, 5-6-7 février 1991. Stéphane Loire, ed. Paris, 1992: 107-122.
Schleier, Erich. “Lanfranco, Perrier, Simon et Aubin Vouet: quelques points de contact.” In Loire 1992: 212.
1997
Bon Valsassina, Caterina. “Una proposta per il periodo romano di Simon Vouet.” In Scritti in onore di Alessandro Marabottini. Ed. Gioacchino Barbera, Teresa Pugliatti, and Caterina Zappia. Rome, 1997: 187 – 192, fig. 2.
2004
Hand, John Oliver. National Gallery of Art: Master Paintings from the Collection. Washington and New York, 2004: 182, no. 142, color repro.
2009
Conisbee, Philip, et al. French Paintings of the Fifteenth through the Eighteenth Century. The Collections of the National Gallery of Art Systematic Catalogue. Washington, D.C., 2009: no. 96, 455-460, color repro.
2022
Gill, Meredith J., and William E. Wallace. "The Final Calling." Artibus et historiae. 43 (2022): 209-220, figs. 1 and 8 (x-radiograph).
Inscriptions
lower left, possibly an inventory number: F 23 [or possibly 25]
O stretcher: printed and written paper label, "NGA 1415, K. 450, ST. JEROME, K49, VARNISH, applied on Dec., 1955, a special varnish readily soluble in petroleum hydrocarbons. It is avisable that the treatment of the surface coating be done only with the knowledge of persons familiar with this spacial material. M. Modestini, Curator, Samuel H. Kress Foundation, New York 19, N.Y. K 1891 Vouet." On back of lining fabric: large patch of old lining fabric with illegible stamps, presumably customs stamps, one is a cicular label (4cm diam) and the other has three lines of text (2x6 cm).
Wikidata ID
Q20177014