Plate 5: An Ox and a Camel
c.1575/1590s
Artist, Flemish, 1542 - 1600
Artwork overview
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Medium
watercolor and gold paint on parchment
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Credit Line
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Dimensions
page size (approximate): 14.3 x 18.4 cm (5 5/8 x 7 1/4 in.)
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Accession
1987.20.6.6
Associated Artworks
See all 70 artworks
Plate 56: Two Heads of Cabbage
Joris Hoefnagel
1570
Plate 43: Mongoose and Badger with Fruit Trees
Joris Hoefnagel
1570
Plate 51: Two Sand Lizards, a Common Parsley Frog(?), and a Caterpillar
Joris Hoefnagel
1570
Artwork history & notes
Provenance
Emperor Rudolf II of Austria?[1]; Secretarius Heinrich Hagen, Vienna, 1611.[2] Count Emanuel Maria Joseph von Arco, Munich, 1751.[3] Graf von Seinsheim, canon of Salzburg and Speyer, 1753. Master stonemason Rüpfel, Munich, c. 1830. Joseph Anton Niggl [1792 - 1842], Markt Tölz. Karl August von Brentano [1817 - 1896], Augsburg. (sale, Rudolph Weigel, 28 October 1861, no. 2220-a-d]; (Frederick Startridge Ellis [active 1860 - 1885], London; formerly identified as F. S. Eliot)[3]; Henry Huth [1815 - 1878], London; by descent to his son, Alfred Henry Huth [1850 - 1910], London; (sale, Sotheby's' London, 12 June 1913, no. 3722); (William Wesley & Son, London); Charles Francis George Richard Schwerdt, Old Alresford House, Hampshire (his sale, Sotheby's' London, 15 July 1946, no. 2216); (The Rosenbach Company, Philadelphia); Lessing J. Rosenwald, Jenkintown; given to Edith Goodkind Rosenwald, Jenkintown; gift to NGA, 1987.
[1] Although Van Mander claims the series was commissioned and purchased by Rudolf, this is impossible as dates scattered throughout volumes pre-date Hoefnagel's' contact with Rudolf. The series does not appear in Rudolf's' inventory, though he is likely to have owned it at one time as many copies from the volumes appear in his natural history collections, now in Vienna (see Bass 2020, 12).
[2] Vignau-Wilberg 2017, 98 without documentation.
[3]Wolfgang Wegner, Kurfurst Carl Theodor von der Pfalz als Kunstsammler, Mannheim, 1960: 13.
[4] Ellis was a book dealer who frequently sold to Huth and wrote the catalogue of Huth's' collection. He started his own business just a year before The Four Elements appeared at Weigel. Ellis is correctly identified by M. Bartels, "Ueber abnorme Behaarung beim Menschen," Zeitschrift fu¨r Ethnologie 11 (1879): 155, note 1.
Associated Names
Exhibition History
1982
Drawings from the Holy Roman Empire, = 1540 - 1680, The Art Museum, Princeton University, National Gallery of Art, Museum of Art, Carnegie Insitute, Pittsburgh (exh. cat. by Thomas DaCosta Kaufmann, no. 56.
Drawings from the Holy Roman Empire, 1540 - 1680, The Art Museum, Princeton University, National Gallery of Art, Museum of Art, Carnegie Insitute, Pittsburgh (exh. cat. by Thomas DaCosta Kaufmann, no. 56.
Bibliography
1984
Hendrix, Lee. Joris Hoefnagel and the Four Elements: a Study in Sixteenth-Century Nature Painting. Ph.D. Hendrix, Lee. Joris Hoefnagel and the Four Elements: a Study in Sixteenth-Century Nature Painting. Ph.D. dissertation, Princeton University, 1984 (series).dissertation, Princeton University, 1984 (series).
2017
Vignau-Wilberg, Thea. Joris and Jacob Hoefnagel: Art and Science around 1600. Berlin, 2017: no. A6 (for series).
2019
Bass, Marisa Ann. Insect Artifice: Nature and Art in the Dutch Revolt. Princeton, 2019 (for series).
Inscriptions
upper center in (gold?): BOS LASSVS FORTIVS FIGIT PEDEM.; right center in gold: V.; animals in image numbered .1. and .2., in red ink; lower center in red ink: CAMELVM DEGLVTIVNT QVI CVLICE[M] COLANT.
Facing page: upper center in brown ink: In te inimicos nostros ventilabimus cornu; / Et in no[m]i[n]e tuo spergemus insurgentes in nos.ps:43.( “Through you will we push down our enemies: through your name will we despise them that rise up against us.” Psalms 43:6) (Latin Vulgate Bible); lower center in black ink: Producens Terra foenum iumentis, et herbam / servituti hominum ps: 103. (“Bringing forth grass for cattle and herb for the service of men.” Psalms 103:14) (Latin Vulgate Bible)
Wikidata ID
Q64590888