The Holy Family on the Steps, 1648

Provenance

Possibly Jacques Amelot du Quillou, marquis de Mauregard [1602-1688, later marquis de Gournay], by c. 1668.[1] possibly Henri de Guénégaud de Fresne, marquis de Plancy et de Guercheville, comte de Montbrison [1609-1676].[2] possibly marquis de Lassay; (his sale, Joullain fils, Paris, 22 May 1775, no. 43).[3] George Granville Sutherland-Leveson-Gower, 2nd duke of Sutherland [1786-1861], Stafford House, London;[4] by inheritance to his son, George Granville William Sutherland-Leveson-Gower, 3rd duke of Sutherland [1828-1892], Stafford House; Cromartie Sutherland-Leveson-Gower, 4th duke of Sutherland [1851-1913], Stafford House; (his estate sale, Christie, Manson & Woods, London, 11 July 1913, no. 34); (Thos. Agnew and Sons, Ltd., London); sold 14 July 1913 to the Dowager Duchess Sutherland [presumably the 4th Duke's widow]; Trustees of the 4th duke of Sutherland; sold 7 January 1948 to (Thos. Agnew and Sons, Ltd., London); sold 5 May 1949 to the Samuel H. Kress Foundation, New York;[5] gift 1952 to NGA.

Exhibition History

1938

Seventeenth-Century Art in Europe. (Exh. cat. Royal Academy of Arts.) London, 1938: 55-56.

1947

Loan Exhibition of French Painting of the xviith Century. (Exh. cat. Wildenstein & Co.) London, 1947: no. 33.

1950

Le dessin français de Fouquet à Cézanne. (Exh. cat. Orangerie.) Paris, 1950: under no. 32.

1958

Age of Louis xiv. (Exh. cat. Royal Academy of Arts.) London, 1958: no. 280.

1982

Rosenberg, Pierre. La peinture française du xvii e siècle dans les collections américaines. (Exh. cat. Galeries nationales du Grand Palais; Metropolitan Museum of Art; and Art Instituteof Chicago.) Paris, 1982. English ed., France in the Golden Age: Seventeenth-Century French Paintings in American Collections. New York, 1982: 371.

1994

Rosenberg, Pierre, and Louis-Antoine Prat. Nicolas Poussin 1594 – 1665. (Exh. cat. Galeries nationales du Grand Palais.) Paris, 1994: 20, 397-402, no. 173.

1995

Verdi, Richard, et al. Nicolas Poussin 1594-1665. (Exh. cat. Royal Academy of Arts.) London, 1995: 14, 46, 194-195, 263-265, no. 60.

1996

France in the Golden Age. (Exh. cat. Walpole Gallery.) London, 1996: under no. 21.

1996

Obras Maestras de la National Gallery of Art de Washington, Museo Nacional de Antropología, Mexico City, 1996-1997, unnumbered catalogue, 54-55, color repro.

1999

A Painting in Focus: Nicolas Poussin's `Holy Family on the Steps', The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1999-2000, pl. 5.

Bibliography

1666

Félibien, André. Entretiens sur les vies et sur les ouvrages des plus excellens peintres anciens et modernes. 6 vols. 1st ed. Paris, 1666-1688. Reprint Trévoux, 1725: 4:59.

1699

Le Comte, Florent. Cabinet des singularitez d’architecture, peinture, sculpture et gravure ou, Introduction à la connoissance des plus beaux arts, figures sous les tableaux, les statués, & les estampes. 3 vols. Paris, 1669 – 1700. 2nd ed. 1702: 3:36.

1783

Cambry, Jacques de. Essai sur la vie et sur les tableaux du Poussin. 2nd ed. Paris, 1783: 53.

1829

Smith, John. A Catalogue raisonné of the works of the most eminent Dutch, Flemish, and French painters. 9 vols. London, 1829 – 1842. 8(1837):41, no. 78.

1844

Jameson, Anna Brownell. Companion to the Most Celebrated Private Galleries of Art in London: The Collection of the Duke of Sutherland at Stafford House, styled The Sutherland Gallery. London, 1844: 41, no. 78.

1854

Waagen, Gustav Friedrich. Treasures of Art in Great Britain: Being an Account of the Chief Collections of Paintings, Drawings, Sculptures, Illuminated Manuscripts. 3 vols. London, 1854: 2:66.

1863

Andresen, Andreas. Nicolaus Poussin, Verzeichniss der nach seinen Gemälden gefertigten, gleichzeitigen und späteren Kupferstiche. Leipzig, 1863: 39, no. 135.

1877

Guiffrey, J. Jules. “Testement et inventaire des biens, tableaux, dessins, planches de cuivre, bijoux, etc. de Claudine Bouzonnet-Stella rédigés et écrits par elle-meme 1693 – 1697.” Nouvelles archives de l’art français 5 (1877): 30, no. 40.

1884

Bonnaffé, Edmond. Dictionnaire des amateurs français au xvii e siècle. Paris, 1884: 16.

1907

Friedlaender, Walter. "Nicolas Poussin." In Allgemeines Lexikon der bildenden Künstler von der Antike bis zur Gegenwart. 37 vols. Edited by Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker. Leipzig, 1907-1950: 27(1933): 325.

1909

Rouart, Louis. “Un tableau du Poussin.” Bulletin de la Société de l’Histoire de l’Art Français 1908 (1909): 92 – 93.

1914

Friedlaender, Walter. Nicolas Poussin. Die Entwicklung seiner Kunst. Munich, 1914: 92, 119.

1914

Grautoff, Otto. Nicolas Poussin: sein Werk und sein Leben. 2 vols. Munich and Leipzig, 1914: 1:269-270, 2:no. 131.

1914

Magne, Emile. Nicolas Poussin: premier peintre du roi, 1594 – 1665. Brussels, 1914: 213, no. 241.

1933

Friedlaender, Walter. "Nicolas Poussin." Thieme-Becker 1907-1950 , 27 (1933): 321-327.

1938

Blunt, Anthony. “Blake’s Ancient of Days. The Symbolism of the Compasses.” Journal of the Warburg Institute 2, no. 1 (July 1938): 55-56.

1938

Borenius, Tancred. “French School at Burlington House.” The Burlington Magazine 72 (Feb. 1938): 63.

1938

London 1938. "Seventeenth-Century Art in Europe." (Exh. Catalog Royal Academy of Arts.) London, 1938, no. 337.

1939

Friedlaender, Walter, and Anthony Blunt, eds. The Drawings of Nicolas Poussin: Catalogue Raisonné Studies of the Warburg Institute. 5 vols. London, 1939 – 1974: 1(1939):20, 22, C1, 25, 26, 27, 28.

1939

Weigert, Roger-Armand. Bibliothèque nationale: inventaire du fonds français — graveurs du xvii e siècle. 4 vols. Paris, 1939 – 1961: 2:81, no. 12.

1947

London 1947. "A Loan Exhibition of French Painting of the XVIIth Century." (Exh. cat. Wildenstein & Co.) London, 1947: no 33.

1948

Bertin-Mourot, Thérese." Addenda au catalogue de Grautoff depuis 1914." Bulletin de la Société Poussin 2, no. 2 (Dec. 1948): 47, no. X.

1948

Jamot, Paul. Connaissance de Poussin. Paris, 1948: 95, no. 139.

1950

Paris 1950. "Le dessin francais de Fouquet à Cezanne." (Exh. cat. Orangerie.) Paris, 1950: under no. 32.

1951

NGA 1951 Suida, William E. "Paintings and Sculpture from the Kress Collection Acquired by the Samuel H. Kress Foundation, 1945-1951." Washington, 1951: 218.

1951

Paintings and Sculpture from the Kress Collection Acquired by the Samuel H. Kress Foundation 1945-1951. Introduction by John Walker, text by William E. Suida. National Gallery of Art, Washington, 1951: 218, no. 97, repro., as by Poussin.

1952

Frankfurter, Alfred M. "Interpreting Masterpieces: Twenty-four Paintings from the Kress Collection." Art News Annual 16 (1952): 116-117, repro. 119.

1954

Blunt, Anthony. Art and Architecture in France: 1500 to 1700. London and Baltimore, 1954: 191-192.

1954

Licht, F. S. Die Entwicklung der Landschaft in den Werken von Nicolas Poussin. Berlin, 1954: 157.

1955

Wildenstein, Georges. “Les graveurs de Poussin au XVIIe siecle.” Gazette des Beaux-Arts ser. 6, 46(Sept. – Dec. 1955): 169-170, no. 52. (Reprint Paris, 1957, as Les graveurs de Poussin au xvii e siècle.)

1956

Walker, John. National Gallery of Art, Washington. New York, 1956: 40, repro., as by Poussin.

1956

Walker, John. "The Nation's Newest Old Masters." The National Geographic Magazine 110, no. 5 (November 1956): 40, repro., as by Poussin.

1957

Alazard, Jean. Nicolas Poussin, 1594 – 1665. Milan, 1957: fig. 39.

1957

Bertin-Mourot, Thérese. “Une copie ancienne d’apres Poussin au Musée de Chaumont.” Bulletin de la Société Poussin: Poussin Inconnu 1:3 – 7. Paris, 1957: 1 n.3, 4-7.

1958

Bertin-Mourot, Thérese. “Correspondance.” Gazette des Beaux-Arts ser. 6, 51 (1958): 366.

1958

London 1958. "Age of Louis XIV." (Exh. cat. Royal Academy of Arts.) London, 1958: no. 280.

1959

Bertin-Mourot, Thérese. “Certitudes et incertitudes a propos de la Vierge assise sur des degrés.” Bulletin de la Société Poussin: Poussin Inconnu 2 (1959): 1 – 8.

1959

Cooke, Hereward Lester. French Paintings of the 16th-18th Centuries in the National Gallery of Art. Washington, D.C., 1959 (Booklet Number Four in Ten Schools of Painting in the National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.): 20, color repro., as by Poussin.

1959

National Gallery of Art. Paintings Other Than French in the Chester Dale Collection. Washington, 1959 (reprinted 1965): 339, repro., as by Poussin.

1959

Paintings and Sculpture from the Samuel H. Kress Collection. National Gallery of Art, Washington, 1959: 339, repro., as by Poussin.

1959

Thuillier, Jacques. “Poussin, Nicolas.” In Encyclopedia of World Art. 17+ vols. New York, 1966, 11:557.

1960

Chastel, André, ed. Actes du colloque international Nicolas Poussin: Paris, 19 – 2 septembre 1958. Centre national de la recherche scientifique. Colloques internationaux sciences humaines. 2 vols. Paris, 1960: 1:305.

1960

Julian, René. “Poussin et le Caravagisme.” In Actes du colloque international Nicolas Poussin: Paris, 19 – 21 septembre 1958. Centre national de la recherche scientifique. Colloques internationaux sciences humaines. 2 vols., edited by Andre Chastel, 1:225-232. Paris, 1960: 1:230.

1960

Kauffmann, Georg. “La Sainte Famille à l’escalier et le probléme des proportions dans l’oeuvre de Poussin.” In Actes du colloque international Nicolas Poussin: Paris, 19 – 21 septembre 1958. Centre national de la recherche scientifique. Colloques internationaux sciences humaines. 2 vols., edited by Andre Chastel, 1:141 – 150. Paris, 1960: 1:147 n.11.

1960

Kaufman, George. Poussin-Studien. Berlin, 1960: 13, 14, 34, 36 – 53, 54, 58, 61, 62, 64, 66, 79, 80 – 81, 91, 97 – 98.

1960

Paris 1960. "Exposition Nicolas Poussin" (Exh. cat. Musée du Louvre.) Paris, 1960: 175, nos. 212-214.

1961

Bialostocki, Jan. Review of Georg Kaufmann, Poussin-Studien. The Art Bulletin 43, no. 1 (March1961): 68 – 72.

1961

Blunt, Anthony. Review of Georg Kaufmann, Poussin-Studien. The Burlington Magazine 103, no. 699 (June1961): 285.

1961

Ettlinger, Leopold D. Review of Georg Kaufmann, Poussin-Studien. Kunstchronik 14, no. 7 (1961): 196 – 199.

1961

Walker, John, Guy Emerson, and Charles Seymour. Art Treasures for America: An Anthology of Paintings & Sculpture in the Samuel H. Kress Collection. London, 1961: 139, color fig. 130, as by Poussin.

1962

Cairns, Huntington, and John Walker, eds. Treasures from the National Gallery of Art. New York, 1962: 104, color repro., as by Poussin.

1962

Davies, Martin, and Anthony Blunt. “Some Corrections and Additions to M. Wildenstein’s ‘Graveurs de Poussin au XVIIe siecle.’” Gazette des Beaux-Arts ser. 6, 60 (July – Aug. 1962): 210, no. 52.

1963

Walker, John. National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C. New York, 1963 (reprinted 1964 in French, German, and Spanish): 204, repro., as by Poussin.

1965

Summary Catalogue of European Paintings and Sculpture. National Gallery of Art, Washington, 1965: 105, as by Poussin.

1966

Blunt, Anthony. The Paintings of Nicolas Poussin. A Critical Catalogue. 2 vols. London, 1966: no. 53.

1966

Cairns, Huntington, and John Walker, eds. A Pageant of Painting from the National Gallery of Art. 2 vols. New York, 1966: 2:290, color repro., as by Poussin.

1966

Einem, Herbert von. “Poussin’s Madonna an der Treppe.” Wallraf-Richartz-Jahrbuch 28 (1966): 31 – 48.

1966

Friedlaender, Walter. Nicolas Poussin: A New Approach. New York, 1966: 29, 67-68, 75, 94, 160-163, 186, 160.

1966

Thuillier, Jacques. "Poussin, Nicolas." Encyclopedia of World Art New York (1966): 11:557.

1967

Bertin-Mourot, Thérese. “Poussin et le blason des Guénégauds.” Bulletin de la Société Poussin 4 (1967): 2 – 7.

1967

Blunt, Anthony. Nicolas Poussin: The A. W. Mellon Lectures in the Fine Arts (1958). 2 vols. New York, 1967. Reprint London, 1995: 1:26, 181 – 282, 215, 224, 227, 256 n. 56, 257, 263 – 264, 335.

1968

Helsdingen, Hans Willem van. “Aantekeningen bij de ikonografie van Poussin.” Simiolus 3 (1968 – 1969): 153 – 179.

1968

National Gallery of Art. European Paintings and Sculpture, Illustrations. Washington, 1968: 92, repro., as by Poussin.

1969

Badt, Kurt. Die Kunst des Nicolas Poussin. 2 vols. Cologne, 1969: 1:139, 232 – 233, 260, 361, 498 – 500.

1972

Bandmann, Günter. “Bermerkungen zu Poussins Treppenmadonna.” Das Münster. Zeitschrift für Christliche Kunst und Kunstwissenschaft 25, nos. 5 – 6 (1972): 361 – 372.

1974

Blunt, Anthony. “The Complete Poussin.” Review of Jacques Thuillier, L’opera completa di Poussin. The Burlington Magazine, no. 861 (Dec. 1974): 761.

1974

Gash, John. Review of Howard Hibbard, Poussin: The Holy Family on the Steps. The Connoisseur 186 (June 1974): 153.

1974

Hibbard, Howard. Poussin: The Holy Family on the Steps. New York, 1974: 1-117.

1974

Thuillier, Jacques. L’opera completa di Poussin. Milan, 1974. French ed., Tout l’oeuvre peint de Poussin. Paris, 1974: no. 152.

1974

Young, Eric. Review of Howard Hibbard, Poussin: The Holy Family on the Steps. Apollo 100 (1974): 87.

1975

European Paintings: An Illustrated Summary Catalogue. National Gallery of Art, Washington, 1975: 274, repro., as by Poussin.

1976

Dowley, Francis H. Review of Howard Hibbard, Poussin: The Holy Family on the Steps. The Art Bulletin 58 (June 1976): 297 – 300.

1976

Harris, Ann Sutherland. Review of Howard Hibbard, Poussin: The Holy Family on the Steps. The Burlington Magazine 118 (Jan. 1976): 36 – 37.

1977

Eisler, Colin. Paintings from the Samuel H. Kress Collection: European Schools Excluding Italian. Oxford, 1977: 274-280, fig. 251, as by Poussin.

1977

Pope-Hennessy, John. "Completing the Account." Review of Colin Eisler, Paintings from the Samuel H. Kress Collection, London 1977. Times Literary Supplement no. 3,927 (17 June 1977).

1979

Blunt, Anthony. The Drawings of Poussin. New Haven and London, 1979: 71, 192 n. 9.

1979

Hoffmann, Konrad. “Poussin Treppenmadonna." Kritische Berichte, Mitteilungen des Ulmer Vereins Verbund für Kunst-und Kulturwissenschaften 7, nos. 4 / 5 (1979): 15 – 42.

1980

Wild, Doris. Nicolas Poussin. 2 vols. Zürich, 1980: 1:151 – 155, 193, 199, 200, 214, 216; 2: no. 138.

1981

Blunt, Anthony. “Poussin Reconsidered: A Second Autograph Version of Poussin’s Midas Washing at the Source of the Pactolus.” The Connoisseur 206 (March 1981): 226 – 228.

1981

Hasel, Christa von. “Kontroverse um Poussin.” Weltkunst 51 (1981): 3834.

1981

Laclotte, Michel, and Pierre Rosenberg. “Poussin’s Holy Family on the Steps in the Cleveland Museum of Art” (letter to the editor). The Burlington Magazine 123, no. 944 (Nov. 1981): 676.

1981

Pace, Claire. Félibien’s Life of Poussin. London, 198: 124, 159, no. 59.2.

1982

Blunt, Anthony. “French Seventeenth-Century Painting: The Literature of the Last Ten Years.” The Burlington Magazine 124 (Nov. 1982): 707.

1982

Brigstocke, Hugh. “France in the Golden Age.” Apollo 116 (July 1982): 12-13.

1982

Lee, Sherman E. “Poussin’s Holy Family on the Steps in the Cleveland Museum of Art.” The Burlington Magazine 124, no. 948 (March 1982): 156 – 166.

1982

Lurie, Ann Tzeutschler. “Poussin’s ‘Holy Family on the Steps’ in the Cleveland Museum of Art: New Evidence from Radiography.” The Burlington Magazine 124, no. 959 (Nov. 1982): 664 – 671.

1982

Nilson, Lisbet. “Poussin’s Holy Family Feud.” Art News 81 (1982): 78 – 82.

1982

Rosenberg, Pierre. "La peinture français du XVI siècle dans les collections américaines." (Exh. cat. Galeries nationales du Grand Palais, Metropolitan Museum of Art, and Art Institute of Chicago.) Paris, 1982: 371. English ed. "France in the Golden Age: Seventeenth-Century French Paintings in American Collections." New York, 1982.

1982

Verdi, Richard. Review of Doris Wild, Nicolas Poussin. i: Leben, Werk, Exkurse. ii: Katalog der Werke. The Burlington Magazine 124 (Apr. 1982): 249.

1983

Cropper, Elizabeth. Review of Oskar Bätschmann, Dialektik der Malerei von Nicolas Poussin. The Art Bulletin 65 (1983): 700 – 701.

1983

Waterhouse, Ellis. “Shorter Notices, Letters: Poussin’s Holy Family on the Steps.” The Burlington Magazine 125 (Feb. 1983): 96.

1984

Klemm, Alfred. “Poussin’s Holy Family on the Steps” (letter to the editor). The Burlington Magazine 126, no. 970 (Jan. 1984): 40.

1984

Walker, John. "National Gallery of Art, Washington." New York, 1984: 313, no. 413, color repro., as by Poussin.

1984

Walker, John. National Gallery of Art, Washington. Rev. ed. New York, 1984: 313, no. 413, color repro., as by Poussin.

1985

European Paintings: An Illustrated Catalogue. National Gallery of Art, Washington, 1985: 319, repro., as by Poussin.

1985

Santucci, Paola. Poussin tradizione, ermetica e classicismo gesuita. Salerno, 1985: 73, 95.

1985

Wright, Christopher. Poussin Paintings. A Catalogue Raisonné. London, 1985: 92, 93, 95, 204, no. 140b.

1988

Léveque, Jean-Jacques. La vie et l’oeuvre de Nicolas Poussin. Paris, 1988: 47.

1990

Bätschmann, Oskar. Nicolas Poussin. Dialectics of Painting. Trans. Marko Daniel. London, 1990: 25, 82-85. (First published in German, Zurich, 1982).

1990

Kemp, Martin. The Science of Art. New Haven and London, 1990: 127, 281.

1990

Mérot, Alain. Nicolas Poussin. New York, 1990: 176, 179, no. 42.

1990

Somers Cocks, Anna. “Editorial: In Praise of Magnanimity.” Apollo (1990): 299.

1990

Whalen, Karen S. “An Analysis of Nicolas Poussin’s Holy Family on the Steps of 1648.” Master’s thesis, University of Oregon, Portland, 1990: 1-152.

1991

Duret-Robert, François. “Le depart de la Madonna en correctionnelle.” ConnArts 478
(1991): 150 – 151.

1993

Carrier, David. Poussin’s Paintings: A Study in Art-Historical Methodology. University Park, Pa., 1993: 90, 178 n. 2, 180, 181, 215 – 217.

1993

Silver, Larry. Art in History. New York, 1993: 252.

1993

Thompson, James. “Nicolas Poussin.” The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin 50 (1992 – 1993): 42.

1994

Bishop, Philip E. Adventures in the Human Spirit. Englewood Cliffs, 1994: 265.

1994

Léveque, Jean-Jacques. Nicolas Poussin. Le poète de la rigueur, 1594 – 1665. Paris, 1994: 28-29.

1994

Melikian, Souren. “Revising Art History: Drawings Reveal a Modern Poussin.” International Herald Tribune (Oct. 1 – 2, 1994): 7.

1994

Rosenberg, Pierre, and Antoine Prat. Nicolas Poussin, 1594 – 1665: catalogue raisonné des dessins. 2 vols. Milan, 1994: 1:606, 608, 610, 616, 632, 634; 2:782, 992, 1032, nos. 313 – 317.

1994

Rosenberg, Pierre, and Louis-Antoine Prat. "Nicolas Poussin 1594–1665." (Exh. ca. Galeries nationales du Grand Palais.) Paris, 1994: 20, 397-402, no. 173.

1994

Thuillier, Jacques. Nicolas Poussin. Paris, 1994: 73, no. 172.

1995

Conisbee, Philip, and Ross Merrill. “Letters: Poussin’s ‘Holy Family on the Steps.’” The Burlington Magazine 137, no. 1102 (Jan. 1995): 37.

1995

Honour, Hugh, and John Fleming. A World History of Art. 4th ed. London, 1995: 549-550.

1995

Verdi, Richard, et al. "Nicolas Poussin, 1594–1665." (Exh. cat. Royal Academy of Arts.) London, 1995: 14, 46, 194-195, 263-265, no. 60.

1996

Brigstocke, Hugh. “Variantes, copies et imitations. Quelques réflexions sur les méthodes de travail de Poussin.” In Poussin et Rome. Actes du colloque à l’Académie de France à Rome et à la Bibliotheca Hertziana. Ed. Oliver Bonfait. Paris and Rome, 1996: 210-212.

1996

London 1996. "France in the Golden Age." (Exh. cat. Walpole Gallery.) London, 1996: under no. 21.

1996

Mexico City and Washington 1996. "Obras Maestras de la National Gallery of Art." (Exh. cat. Museo Nacional de Antropologia.) Mexico City and Washington, 1996: unnumbered cat.

1997

Chorpenning, Joseph F. “The Enigma of St. Joseph in Poussin’s Holy Family on the Steps.” Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes 60 (1997): 276 – 281.

1998

Chorpenning, Joseph F., ed. The Holy Family in Art and Devotion. Philadelphia, 1998: 42.

1998

Fumaroli, Marc. L’ école du silence: le sentiment des images au xvii e siècle. Paris, 1998: 591-592.

1998

Keazor, Henry. Poussins Parerga: Quellen, Entwicklung und Bedeutung der Kleinkompositionen in den Gemälden Nicolas Poussins. Regensburg, 1998: 19, 24 n. 57, 44, 71 n. 53, 131, 133 – 140; 153, 156.

1999

Cleveland Studies in the History of Art 4. Entire issue. Cleveland, 1999: 26-198.

1999

Cropper, Elizabeth. “Conception and Deception: Poussin’s Mirrors.” In Cleveland Studies in the History of Art 1999: 76 – 95.

1999

De Grazia, Diane, and Marcia Steele. “The Grande Machine.” In Cleveland Studies in the History of Art 1999: 64 – 75.

1999

De Grazia, Diane. “Poussin’s Holy Family on the Steps in Context.” In Cleveland Studies in the History of Art 1999: 26 – 63.

1999

Diederen, Roger. “Provenance: Holy Family on the Steps.” In Cleveland Studies in the History of Art 1999: 177 – 184.

1999

Sawyer, Carol, assisted by Marcia Steele. “Poussin’s Holy Family on the Steps: New Technical Discoveries, Comparisons, and the Washington Copy.” In Cleveland Studies in the History of Art 1999: 112-160.

1999

Steele, Marcia. “Appendix.” In Cleveland Studies in the History of Art 1999: 148 – 176.

1999

Verdi, Richard. “The Modernity of the Holy Family on the Steps.” In Cleveland Studies of the History of Art 1999: 96 – 111.

2001

Szanto, Mickaël. “The Taste for Poussin in Paris: The Case of Pierre Hennequin de Fresne.” The Burlington Magazine 143, no. 1177 (Apr. 2001): 196 – 203.

2009

Conisbee, Philip, et al. French Paintings of the Fifteenth through the Eighteenth Century. The Collections of the National Gallery of Art Systematic Catalogue. Washington, D.C., 2009: no. 84, 388-395, color repro.

2014

Brown, Jonathan. In the Shadow of Velázquez: A Life in the History of Art. New Haven, 2014: 100-101, fig. 54.

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