The sculpture depicted in the illustration is of Voltaire. The sculpture represents an older man with a thin, elongated face and a pronounced nose, dressed in flowing robes. It is depicted in a monochrome scheme, suggesting the use of stone or a similar material. The figure leans forward slightly, with hands emerging from the long sleeves. The sculpture pedestal is set above a scene of tumultuous activity, with a guillotine in the background, showing a significant size difference and perspective.