Fortitude

published 1559

Philip Galle

Artist, Netherlandish, 1537 - 1612

Hieronymus Cock

Publisher, Netherlandish, 1518 - 1570

Media Options

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Artwork overview

  • Medium

    engraving

  • Credit Line

    Rosenwald Collection

  • Accession

    1980.45.233

  • Catalogue Raisonné

    New Hollstein, no. 314, State i/ii

Artwork history & notes

Bibliography

1908

  • Bastelaer, Rene van. Les estampes de Peter Bruegel l'ancien. Brussels: G. van Oest et Cie, 1908.

1993

  • The New Hollstein Dutch & Flemish Etchings, Engravings and Woodcuts, 1450-1700. (Philips Galle, Manfred Sellink and Marjolein Leesberg, authors). Rotterdam: Sound & Vision Interactive, 1996-, no. 314, state i/ii.

Inscriptions

lower left, in image, in plate: COCK EXC.; lower center, in image, in plate: FORTITVDO (Fortitude); lower right, in image, in plate: BRVEGEL INVENTOR; lower margin, in plate: ANIMVM VINCERE, IRACVNDIAM COHIBERE, CAETERAQ[VE] VITIA ET, AFFECTVS / COHIBERE, VERA FORTITVDO EST. (To conquer one's impulses, to restrain anger and the other vices and emotions: this is the true fortitude.) [translation from Nadine Orenstein, ed., Pieter Bruegel the Elder: Drawings and Prints. Exhibition catalogue. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2001, p. 189.]

Wikidata ID

Q65579240

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