Forty-two Kids

1907

George Bellows

Painter, American, 1882 - 1925

From a high vantage point, we look down ontp a group of dozens of boys who stand, sit, stretch, sprawl, or dangle their legs off a rough wooden pier that juts out from the lower left corner into a dark river in this horizonal painting. Their gangly bodies are loosely painted and brightly lit from the upper left. Most are nude, their skin tones ranging from cream white to medium brown. There are gaps between some of the planks of pier, and some of the boards hang off the sides, as if laid loosely across the supports beneath. One boy dives into the river near the center of the painting while another bends over to pull a boy back onto the pier. Several splash in the water near the right side of the painting. The river is emerald green near the brightly lit pier and becomes almost black across the upper half of the painting. An empty, small rowboat painted in stripes of white, white, and blue floats in the shadows along the top center edge of the canvas.

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Painted in August 1907, Forty-two Kids depicts a band of nude and partially clothed boys engaged in a variety of antics—swimming, diving, sunbathing, smoking, and possibly urinating—on and near a dilapidated wharf jutting out over New York City’s East River. A sharp observer of urban life, George Bellows has sketched his streetwise subjects with characteristic vigor and economy of means, and he has carefully rendered their varied ethnic backgrounds. In turn-of-the-century slang, "kids" referred to roaming young hooligans, who were frequently the offspring of working-class immigrants living in Lower East Side tenements.

In 1908, when it was first exhibited, the painting garnered praise and derision alike. What one critic called “one of the most original and vivacious canvases” in the National Academy of Design exhibition was condemned by others for its “inexcusable errors in drawing and general proportions” and as “a tour de force of absurdity.” Soon afterward, a jury denied the work the prestigious Lippincott Prize at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts’s annual exhibition, fearful that the prize donor might be offended by the title and subject of the painting. When asked if this was the case, Bellows quipped somewhat opaquely: “No, it was the naked painting that they feared.” Its controversial reception notwithstanding, in 1909, Robert C. Hall purchased Forty-two Kids, marking the second sale of Bellows's career and his first to a private collector.

On View

East Building Ground Level, Gallery 106-B

Artwork overview

More About this Artwork

Article:  Summer in Art: Dive into Scenes of the Season

Artists from Mary Cassatt to Roy Lichtenstein have spent the warmer months making works about busy beaches, ripe raspberries, fresh flowers, and other signs of the season.

Scholarly Article:  American Paintings, 1900–1945: Forty-two Kids, 1907

This nearly square painting shows an industrial area with buildings, storage silos, a smokestack, and railroad tracks. A mound of brown dirt or other material is in shadow in the lower left corner of the painting. Next to the mound, railroad tracks extend diagonally from the lower center of the painting into the distance to our right. The tracks end at a white building with staggered gray rooflines to our right in the distance. A tall terracotta-red smokestack rises high beyond the white building, smoke pouring out of its top and blending into the clouds above. Just beyond the mound of dirt, piles of white material, perhaps in unseen bins, line the railroad track to our left and lead back to a row ten interconnected, coral-orange silos. The horizon comes about halfway up the painting, and it is lined with a row of long white and gray warehouses. The artist signed and dated the work with brown paint in the lower right corner: “Sheeler 31.”

Scholarly Series:  American Paintings, 1900–1945

Artwork history & notes

Provenance

Collection of the artist, New York; purchased 1909 by Robert C. Hall [1865-1914], Pittsburgh;[1] on consignment by 26 February 1923 with (Wunderly Brothers, Pittsburgh);[2] purchased by 12 October 1925 by Mr. [1889-1962] and Mrs. Peter Glick, Pittsburgh;[3] purchased November 1931 through (William Macbeth, Inc., New York) by the Corcoran Gallery of Art, Washington;[4] acquired 2014 by National Gallery of Art.
[1] The painting was purchased from Bellows during the painting's showing at the Carnegie International exhibition in 1909; see the Corcoran Gallery of Art Accession Record Sheet in NGA curatorial files. Bellows sold the work to Hall for $300; Jane Myers, "'The Most Searching Place in the World': Bellows's Portraiture," in Michael Quick et al., The Paintings of George Bellows, exh. cat., Los Angeles County Museum of Art; Whitney Museum of American Art, New York; Columbus (Ohio) Museum of Art; Amon Carter Museum of American Art, Fort Worth, 1992-1993; Fort Worth and Los Angeles, 1992: 232 n. 38.
[2] The painting was consigned to Wunderly Brothers at an unknown date after Hall died, and was "in and out of Carnegie Institute for a number of years;" Peyton Boswell, Jr., "Bellows' First Patron," Art Digest 17, no. 8 (15 January 1943): 3. According to the Corcoran Gallery of Art Accession Record Sheet (in NGA curatorial files), the painting was found in storage at the Carnegie Institute and sent from there to Wunderly Brothers. The dealer lent the painting to the 1923 Bellows exhibition at the Carnegie Institute, which opened on February 26.
[3] The Glicks bought the painting from the Wunderly Brothers at an unknown date, but Mrs. Peter Glick is listed as lender of the painting to the 1925 Bellows memorial exhibition at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York, which opened on October 12.
[4] Corcoran Gallery of Art Accession Card, in NGA curatorial files.

Associated Names

Exhibition History

1908

  • 103rd Annual Exhibition, Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, Philadelphia, 20 January - 29 February 1908, no. 750.

  • Eighty-third Annual Exhibition, National Academy of Design, New York, 14 March - 18 April 1908, no. 167.

  • Fifteenth Annual Exhibition of American Art, Cincinnati Museum, 23 May - 20 July 1908, no. 26, repro.

  • Twenty-first Annual Exhibition of Oil Paintings and Sculpture by American Artistis, Art Institute of Chicago, 20 October - 29 November 1908, no. 21.

1909

  • Thirteenth Annual Exhibition, Carnegie Institute, Pittsburgh, 29 April - 30 June 1909, no. 20.

1923

  • Exhibition of Paintings, Drawings and Lithographs by George Wesley Bellows, Carnegie Institute, Pittsburgh, 26 February - 31 March 1923, no. 15.

1925

  • Memorial Exhibition of the Work of George Bellows, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, 12 October - 22 November 1925, no. 4, repro.

  • Memorial Exhibition of the Paintings of George Bellows, Memorial Art Gallery, Rochester, December 1925, no. 2.

1926

  • Memorial Exhibition of the Work of George Bellows, Albright Art Gallery, Buffalo Fine Arts Academy, 10 January - 10 February 1926, no. 2.

1939

  • Art in Our Time: An Exhibition to Celebrate the Tenth Anniversary of the Museum of Modern Art and the Opening of Its New Building, Museum of Modern Art, New York, 1939, no. 137, repro.[1]

  • Half a Century of American Art, Art Institute of Chicago, 16 November 1939 - 7 January 1940, no. 13, pl. 19.

1946

  • Robert Henri and Five of His Pupils, Century Association, New York, 5 April - 1 June 1946, no. 5, repro.

1949

  • De Gustibus: An Exhibition of American Paintings Illustrating a Century of Taste, Corcoran Gallery of Art, Washington, 9 January - 20 February 1949, no. 38.

1950

  • Canadian National Exhibition Art Exhibit, Art Gallery of Toronto, 25 August - 9 September 1950, no. 112.[2]

1955

  • Fifty Paintings 1905-1913, the Fiftieth Anniversary Exhibition, Albright Art Gallery, Buffalo Fine Arts Academy, 14 May - 12 June 1955, no. 2, repro.

1957

  • George Bellows: A Retrospective Exhibition, National Gallery of Art, Washington, 19 January - 24 February 1957, no. 4, repro.

  • Paintings by George Bellows, Columbus Gallery of Fine Arts, 21 March - 21 April 1957, no. 3, repro.

1959

  • Loan Exhibition. Masterpieces of the Corcoran Gallery of Art: A Benefit Exhibition in Honor of the Gallery's Centenary, Wildenstein, New York, 28 January - 7 March 1959, unnumbered catalogue, repro.

  • The American Muse: Parallel Trends in Literature and Art, Corcoran Gallery of Art, Washington, 4 April - 17 May 1959, no. 128, repro.

1966

  • Past and Present: 250 Years of American Art, Corcoran Gallery of Art, Washington, 15 April - 30 September 1966, unpublished checklist.

1967

  • Triumph of Realism, Brooklyn Museum; Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, Richmond; California Palace of the Legion of Honor, San Francisco, 3 October 1967 - 31 March 1968, no. 97, repro.

1976

  • Corcoran [The American Genius], Corcoran Gallery of Art, Washington, 24 January - 4 April 1976, unnumbered catalogue, repro.

1978

  • The William A. Clark Collection, Corcoran Gallery of Art, Washington, 26 April - 16 July 1978, unnumbered catalogue.

1981

  • Visions of New York City: American Paintings, Drawings and Prints of the 20th Century, Tokyo Metropolitan Art Museum, 28 March - 24 May 1981, no. 15, repro.

  • Of Time and Place: American Figurative Art from the Corcoran Gallery, Corcoran Gallery of Art, Washington; Cincinnati Art Museum; San Diego Museum of Art; University of Kentucky Art Museum, Lexington; Hunter Museum of Art, Chattanooga; Philbrook Art Center, Tulsa; Portland Art Museum, Oregon; Des Moines Art Center; Museum of Fine Arts, St. Petersburg, Florida, 23 September 1981 - 21 May 1983, no. 30, repro.

1985

  • Centuries of Childhood in New York: A Celebration on the Occasion of the 275th Anniversary of Trinity School, New-York Historical Society and Trinity School, New York, 28 February - 25 August 1985, no. 41, repro.

1992

  • The Paintings of George Bellows, Los Angeles Country Museum of Art; Whitney Museum of American Art, New York; Columbus Museum of Art; Amon Carter Museum, Fort Worth, 16 February 1992 - 9 May 1993, unnumbered catalogue, repro.

2003

  • The Impressionist Tradition in America, 1770-1950, Corcoran Gallery of Art, Washington, 19 July 2003 - 18 October 2004, unpublished checklist.

2004

  • Figuratively Speaking: The Human Form in American Art, 1770-1950, Corcoran Gallery of Art, Washington, 20 November 2004 - 7 August 2005, unpublished checklist.

2005

  • Encouraging American Genius: Master Paintings from the Corcoran Gallery of Art, Corcoran Gallery of Art, Washington; Museum of Fine Arts, Houston; Parrish Art Museum, Southampton; Mint Museum of Art, Charlotte; John and Mable Ringling Museum of Art, Sarasota, 27 August 2005 - 29 April 2007, checklist no. 64.

2007

  • Life's Pleasures: The Ashcan Artists' Brush with Leisure 1895-1925, Frist Center for the Visual Arts, Nashville; New-York Historical Society; Detroit Institute of Arts, 2 August 2007 - 25 May 2008, no. 49, repro.

2009

  • American Paintings from the Collection, Corcoran Gallery of Art, Washington, 6 June - 18 October 2009, unpublished checklist.

2012

  • George Bellows, National Gallery of Art, Washington; The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York; Royal Academy of Arts, London, 10 June 2012 - 18 February 2013, pl. 7.

2013

  • American Journeys: Visions of Place, Corcoran Gallery of Art, Washington, 21 September 2013 - 28 September 2014, unpublished checklist.

Bibliography

1908

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  • Oliver, Maude I. G. "Art News of the Week [exh. review]." Chicago Record-Herald (8 November 1908): 6:5.

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1909

  • C., C. H., "Carnegie Institute Exhibition, The Figure Subjects. First Notice [exh. review]." New York Evening Post (1 May 1909): 1:5.

  • George Wesley Bellows to John W. Beatty, 24(?) May 1909, Carnegie Institute Records, Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution, Washington.

1910

  • "Independents' Victory [exh. review]." Brooklyn Standard Union (14 July 1910): 7, as Kids.

1912

  • "George Bellows, An Artist with 'Red Blood.'" Current Literature 53, no. 3 (September 1912): 344-345, repro.

  • McIntyre, Robert G. "George Bellows - An Appreciation." Art and Progress 3, no. 10 (August 1912): 679-680, repro.

1914

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1915

  • Cournos, John. "Three Painters of the New York School." International Studio 56, no. 224 (October 1915): 244, 246, repro.

1918

  • Pène du Bois, Guy. "Who's Who in Modern Art-Bellows." New York Evening Post (10 November 1918): Magazine.

1925

  • Cortissoz, Royal. "The Field of Art." Scribner's Magazine 78, no. 4 (October 1925): 442, repro., 444.

  • "Boston Museum Buys a Bellows Painting; 'Emma and Her Children' Brings $22,000." The New York Times (31 March 1925): 23.

1926

  • Millier, Arthur. "O.K. in Art, But...." Los Angeles Times (15 August 1926): C:35.

  • Lucas, E. V. "George Wesley Bellows." Ladies Home Journal 43, no. 4 (April 1926): 13, repro.

1928

  • Jackman, Rilla Evelyn. American Arts. Chicago, 1928: 282, pl. cxxxvii.

1929

  • Eggers, George W. "George Bellows's Painting 'The White Horse.'" Worcester Art Museum Bulletin 20, no. 3 (October 1929): 72.

  • Bellows, Emma Louise Story. The Paintings of George Bellows. New York, 1929: repro. 8.

1931

  • "Bellows' '42 Kids' Bought by Corcoran." Chicago Post (15 December 1931).

  • "'Forty-Two Kids.'" New York Herald Tribune (6 December 1931): 9:11, repro.

  • "Corcoran Buys Bellows' 'Forty-Two Kids'." Art Digest 6 (1 December 1931): 11, repro.

  • "'Forty-two Kids'." The Washington Post (29 November 1931): A:5, repro.

  • Mechlin, Leila. "Corcoran Gallery of Art Acquires Important Bellows Painting - Number of Interesting Exhibitions Attract Art Lovers." The Washington Star (29 November 1931): 14, repro.

  • "Works by Bellows Purchased by the Corcoran Gallery." Art News 30, no. 9 (28 November 1931): 19.

  • "Corcoran Gallery Buys Bellows Art." The New York Times (24 November 1931): 52.

  • Rainey, Ada. "Corcoran Art Gallery Acquires Painting of 'Forty-Two Kids' by George Bellows." The Washington Post (22 November 1931): 4:5.

  • Eggers, George W. George Bellows. American Artist Series. New York, 1931: 11, 46-47, repro.

  • "'Forty-two Kids' [reproduction]." The New York Times (29 November 1931): Art:12, repro.

1932

  • "Museum Accessions." American Magazine of Art 24, no. 1 (January 1932): 59, repro.

1934

  • "Swimming." Fortune Magazine 9, no. 6 (June 1934): 80, repro.

1935

  • Wilson, Vylla Poe. "Fourteenth Biennial Exhibition Focuses Art World's Eyes on Corcoran Gallery Here [exh. review]." The Washington Post (3 March 1935): SA:5.

1936

  • Barrows, Edward M. "George Bellows, Athlete." The North American Review 242, no. 2 (1 December 1936): 295.

  • Burroughs, Alan. Limners and Likenesses: Three Centuries of American Painting. New York, 1936: 209, fig. 182.

  • Salpeter, Harry. "George Bellows, Native." Esquire 5, no. 4 (April 1936): 134.

1939

  • Jewell, Edward Alden. "American Art Pageant: Half Century of Development Revealed By Chicago Art Institute Survey [exh. review]." The New York Times (26 November 1939): 9:9, repro.

  • O'Connor, John Jr. "Lithographs by George W. Bellows." Carnegie Magazine 13, no. 6 (November 1939): 178.

  • Sweet, Frederick A. "Half a Century of American Art [exh. review]." Bulletin of the Art Institute of Chicago 33, no. 6 (November 1939): 97, repro.

  • Lane, James W. "As Chicago Saw 50 Years of U.S. Art [exh. review]." Art News 38, no. 8 (25 November 1939): 7, repro., 17.

1942

  • Boswell, Peyton, Jr. George Bellows. New York, 1942: 16-17, repro.

1943

  • Boswell, Peyton. Jr. "Bellows' First Patron." Art Digest 17, no. 8 (15 January 1943): 3.

1944

  • Watson, Jane. "Tapestry and Paintings are Returned." The Washington Post (22 October 1944): 13S, repro.

1945

  • Watson, Jane. "Two Bellows Gifts Made Here." The Washington Post (7 January 1945): 11S.

  • Mechlin, Leila. "In the Art World: Two Paintings by George Bellows Acquired by National Gallery." The Washington Star (7 January 1945): C:6.

1946

  • Art Institute of Chicago. George Bellows: Paintings, Drawings and Prints. Exh. cat. Art Institute of Chicago, 1946: 5, 15.

  • "George W. Bellows: An American Master of Realistic Painting Comes into His Own with Big Memorial Show." Life 20, no. 12 (25 March 1946): 80, repro.

1947

  • Corcoran Gallery of Art. Handbook of the American Paintings in the Collection of the Corcoran Gallery of Art. Washington, 1947: 81, repro. 82.

1954

  • O'Connor, John Jr. "George Wesley Bellows." Museum Echoes (Ohio Historical Society) 27, no. 11., serial no. 307 (November 1954): 83.

  • Roos, Frank J. Jr. An Illustrated Handbook of Art History. Rev. ed. New York, 1954: 263, detail.

1955

  • Brown, Milton W. American Painting from the Armory Show to the Depression. Princeton, New Jersey, 1955: 33, repro.

1959

  • Corcoran Gallery of Art. Masterpieces of the Corcoran Gallery of Art. Washington, 1959: 62, repro.

  • Devree, Howard. "244 Examples of Work Include Oils, Prints [exh. review]." The New York Times (29 January 1959): 20.

  • Dorra, Henri. "Parallel Trends in Literature and Art." Art in America 47, no. 2 (1959): 47, repro.

1960

  • Pierson Jr., William H., and Martha Davidson, eds. Arts of the United States: A Pictorial Survey. New York, 1960: 331, repro.

1961

  • Dorra, Henri. The American Muse. New York, 1961: 157, repro.

1965

  • Morgan, Charles H. George Bellows. Painter of America. New York, 1965: 55, 76, 83, 96-97, 99, 186, 311, repro.

1968

  • Christensen, Erwin O. A Guide to Art Museums in the United States. New York, 1968: 149, repro.

1970

  • Mendelowitz, Daniel M. A History of American Art. 2nd ed. New York, 1970: 318, 320, fig. 435.

  • Hamilton, George Heard. 19th and 20th Century Art: Painting, Sculpture, Architecture. New York, 1970: 279-280, pl. 258.

1971

  • Braider, Donald. George Bellows and the Ashcan School of Painting. New York, 1971: 31, 52, fig. 6.

1972

  • Hunter, Sam. American Art of the 20th Century. New York, 1972: 31, repro.

1973

  • Phillips, Dorothy W. A Catalogue of the Collection of American Paintings in the Corcoran Gallery of Art, Vol. 2: Painters born from 1850 to 1910. Washington, 1973: 109-110, repro. 110.

1974

  • Reader's Digest. Illustrated Guide to the Treasures of America. Pleasantville, New York, 1974: 185, repro.

  • Gerdts, William H. The Great American Nude: A History in Art. New York, 1974: 157-158, fig. 8-3.

1976

  • Lipman, Jean, and Helen Franc. Bright Stars: American Painting and Sculpture Since 1776. New York, 1976: 102, repro.

  • Davis, Douglas, with Mary Rourke. "American Art 200 Years On [exh. review]." Newsweek 87, no. 6 (9 February 1976): after 66, repro., 67.

1978

  • Richard, Paul. "The Copper King's Gift [exh. review]." The Washington Post (26 April 1978): B:7.

1979

  • Daft, Betty. "The Best of Bellows [exh. review]." Columbus Dispatch (1 April 1979): 9.

1980

  • Getlein, Frank, and Jo Ann Lewis. The Washington D.C. Art Review: The Art Explorer's Guide to Washington. New York, 1980: 14.

1981

  • Ostrow, Joanne. "Americans at the Corcoran [exh. review]." The Washington Post (2 October 1981): Weekend: 5.

1982

  • Snider, Louise. "Museum's Exhibit of Genre Art Reveals Social History [exh. review]." Los Angeles Times (28 February 1982): A:10.

  • Wilson, William. "'Time, Place' Exhibition in San Diego [exh. review]." Los Angeles Times (7 March 1982): Magazine: 84, repro.

1983

  • Brown, Milton W. One Hundred Masterpieces of American Painting from Public Collections in Washington, D.C. Washington, D.C., 1983: 128-129, repro.

1984

  • Corcoran Gallery of Art. American Painting: The Corcoran Gallery of Art. Washington, 1984: 32-33, repro.

1986

  • Lewis, Jo Ann. "Touches of the Sublime." The Washington Post (19 April 1986): A:1.

1988

  • Zurier, Rebecca. "Picturing the City: New York in the Press and the Art of the Ashcan School, 1890-1917." Ph.D. diss., Yale University (1988): iii-iv, 270 n. 65, 271-276, 279, 287-289, 307, 312, 410, 488.

  • Zurier, Rebecca. "Hey Kids: Children in the Comics & the Art of George Bellows." Print Collector's Newsletter 18, no. 6 (January-February 1988): 196, 197, 199, 202, repro.

1990

  • Kelly, Frankin. "George Bellows' Shore House." Studies in the History of Art 37 (1990): 120-121, repro. no. 3.

1992

  • Doezema, Marianne. George Bellows and Urban America. New Haven and London, 1992: 147, 151-152, 154, 159, 161, 165-166, 224 nn. 59, 63, 64; fig. 66, color pl. 14.

  • Adams, Henry. "The Paintings of George Bellows [exh. review]." American Artist 56 (July 1992): 52-53, 55.

  • May, Stephen. "All-American: The Paintings of George Bellows [exh. review]." Antiques & Fine Art 4, no. 3 (March/April 1992): 69.

  • Doezema, Marianne. "The New York City of George Bellows." Antiques 141, no. 3 (March 1992): 486-487, color pl. 9.

  • Wilson, William. "Bellows' One-Two Punch: Artist's Duality on View in County Museum Retrospective [exh. review]." Los Angeles Times (17 February 1992): F:7.

  • Baker, Kenneth. "Bellows Remains One of Ashcan Fellows [exh. review]." San Francisco Chronicle (22 March 1992): 38.

  • Johnson, Mark M. "The Paintings of George Bellows [exh. review]." Arts & Activities 111 (March 1992): 26, repro., 28.

  • Schiff, Bennett. "The Boy Who Chose the Brush over Baseball." Smithsonian 23, no. 3 (June 1992): 66, repro., 68.

  • Kilian, Michael. "'So Clean and Cold:' Bellows' Works of Grimy Squalor Glow with a Highly Emotional Beauty [exh. review]." Chicago Tribune (2 July 1992): 13:C.

  • Donohue, Marlena. "Bellows Show Moves Past Clichés [exh. review]." Christian Science Monitor (7 August 1992): 14.

  • May, Stephen. "George Bellows: All-American Painter [exh. review]." American Arts Quarterly 9, no. 4 (Autumn 1992): 23.

  • Adams, Henry. "George Bellows [exh. review]." The Burlington Magazine 134, no. 1075 (October 1992): 685, repro.

  • Litt, Stephen. "Bellows Exhibit Does City Proud." Cleveland Plain Dealer (29 November 1992): 3:H.

  • "George Bellows: Brutal Sports and Gentle Portraits [exh. review]." USA Today 121, no. 2570 (November 1992): 36.

  • Quick, Michael, Jane Myers, Marianne Doezema, and Franklin Kelly. The Paintings of George Bellows. Exh. cat. Los Angeles County Museum of Art; Whitney Museum of American Art, New York; Columbus (Ohio) Museum of Art; Amon Carter Museum of American Art, Fort Worth, 1992-1993. New York, 1992: 2, 11, 12, 102, 136, 182, repro.

1993

  • Taff, Mark L., and Lauren R. Boglioli. "Fraternity Hazing Revisited Through a Drawing by George Bellows." Journal of the American Medical Association 269 (28 April 1993): 2113.

  • Pisano, Ronald G. and Bruce Weber. Parodies of the American Masters: Rediscovering the Society of American Fakirs, 1891-1914. Exh. cat. Museums at Stony Brook, New York; Art Students League, New York, 1993: 5, 24, repro.

1994

  • Weinberg, H. Barbara, Doreen Bolger, and David Park Curry. American Impressionism and Realism: The Painting of Modern Life, 1885-1915. Exh. cat. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York; Amon Carter Museum, Fort Worth; Denver Art Museum; Los Angeles County Museum of Art. New York, 1994: 303-304, fig. 313.

  • Greenhouse, Wendy, and Susan S. Weininger. A Rediscovered Regionalist: Herman Menzel. Exh. cat. Chicago Historical Society, 1995: 15, repro.

  • Lucie-Smith, Edward. American Realism. New York, 1994: 69, repro.

  • Craven, Wayne. American Art: History and Culture. New York, 1994: 433.

  • Pisano, Ronald G. and Bruce Weber. "Rediscovering the Society of American Fakirs." American Artist 58 (January 1994): 49.

1995

  • Clark, Carol, and Allen Guttmann. "Artists and Athletes." Journal of Sports History 22, no. 2 (Summer 1995): 102, repro.

  • Oates, Joyce Carol. George Bellows: American Artist. Hopewell, New Jersey, 1995: 8, 12, 18-20, repro.

1996

  • Hughes, Robert. "The Epic of the City." Time 147, no. 8 (19 February 1996): 63.

1998

  • Weber, Bruce. Ashcan Kids: Children in the Art of Henri, Luks, Glackens, Bellows & Sloan. Exh. cat. Berry-Hill Galleries, Inc., New York, 1998: 22-23, fig. 12.

2000

  • Cash, Sarah, with Terrie Sultan. American Treasures of the Corcoran Gallery of Art. New York, 2000: 158, detail, 160, 170, repro.

2001

  • Coyle, Laura. Antiquities to Impressionism: The William A. Clark Collection Exh. brochure. Corcoran Gallery of Art, Washington, 2001.

2002

  • Ledes, Allison Eckardt. "The Corcoran and William A. Clark." Antiques 161 (January 2002): 26.

  • Cash, Sarah. "Forty-two Kids." In A Capital Collection: Masterworks from the Corcoran Gallery of Art. Edited by Eleanor Heartney. London, 2002: 104-105, repro.

2004

  • Fagg, John. "Anecdote and the Painting of George Bellows." Journal of American Studies 38, no. 3 (December 2004): 475-478, 480-484, fig. 1.

2005

  • "Figuratively Speaking: The Human Form in American Art, 1770-1950 [exh. review]." American Artist (May 2005): 70, repro.

2006

  • Ernst, Eric. "American Classics, Up Close and Personal [exh. review]." Southampton Press (6 July 2006): B:7.

  • Goodrich, John. "Museums: Travelling Icons of American Art [exh. review]." The New York Sun (6 July 2006): 16.

  • Maschal, Richard. "Strokes of Genius [exh. review]." The Charlotte Observer (1 October 2006): E:3.

  • "Mint Museum to Host Master Paintings from the Corcoran Gallery." Antiques and the Arts Weekly (6 October 2006): 17.

  • Shinn, Susan. "Viewing Masters: 'Encountering American Genius: Master Paintings from the Corcoran Gallery of Art' Opens at the Mint [exh. review]." Salisbury Post (12 October 2006): D:7.

  • Zurier, Rebecca. Picture the City: Urban Vision and the Ashcan School. Berkeley, 2006: 216-218, 226, 234, 237, 239, 268, fig. 97.

2007

  • Haverstock, Mary Sayre. George Bellows: An Artist in Action. Columbus, Ohio, 2007: 41, color repro.

  • Johnson, Ken. "Ashcan Views of New Yorkers, Warts, High Spirits and All [exh. review]." The New York Times (28 December 2007).

2008

  • Rodrique, Mary. "Ashcan painters mirrored urban life [exh. review]." Detroit Athletic Club News 92, no. 2 (February 2008): 39.

2009

  • Peck, Glenn C. George Bellows' Catalogue Raisonné. H.V. Allison & Co., 2009. Online resource, URL: http://www.hvallison.com. Accessed 16 August 2016.

2011

  • Greenhalgh, Adam. "George Bellows, Forty-two Kids." In Corcoran Gallery of Art: American Paintings to 1945. Edited by Sarah Cash. Washington, 2011: 36, 194-195, 240, 276, repro.

  • Guttmann, Allen. Sports and American Art from Benjamin West to Andy Warhol. Amherst, 2011: 140-141, fig. 28.

2012

  • Zeaman, John. "Art Review: 'George Bellows' at the Metropolitan Museum [exh. review]." The Record (18 November 2012): repro.

  • Smith, Roberta. "Restless in Style and Subject: 'George Bellows,' at the Metropolitan Museum of Art [exh. review]." The New York Times (16 November 2012): C27.

  • Brock, Charles. "George Bellows." Antiques and Fine Art 22, no. 2 (Autumn/ Winter 2012): fig. 1.

  • Brock, Charles, et al. George Bellows. Exh. cat. National Gallery of Art, Washington; The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York; Royal Academy of Arts, London, 2012-2013. Washington and New York, 2012: 9, 10, 23, 40, 45, 47-48, 52-54, 77, 219, pl. 7.

2013

  • Industrial Sublime: Modernsim and the Transformation of New York's Rivers, 1900-1940. Exh. cat. Hudson River Museum, Yonkers, New York; Norton Museum of Art, West Palm Beach, Florida. Yonkers, 2013: 35, fig. 17.

  • Robinson, Joyce Henri, ed. A Gift from the Heart: American Art from the Collection of James and Barbara Palmer. University Park, Pennsylvania: Palmer Museum of Art, 2013: pp. 38-39, fig. 6.

  • Christie's New York. "Lot 59. George Wesley Bellows (1882-1925): Splinter Beach." In American Art, sale code "Roosevelt-2707" (May 23, 2013): under lot 59, repro.

  • Dorment, Richard. "George Bellows: Modern American Life, Royal Academy, review [exh. review]." The Telegraph (11 March 2013).

Inscriptions

On frame: fragments of exhibition label, "Art Institute of Chicago / Half Century of American Art"
lower left: Geo Bellows

Wikidata ID

Q20191086

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